陕西省中小学生功能性便秘患病率及相关因素分析  

The prevalence and associated factors of functional constipation among primary and middle school students in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：杨幸 王璐[2] 秦斌[3] 赵晓静[1] 董蕾[3] YANG Xing;WANG Lu;QIN Bin;ZHAO Xiaojing;DONG Lei(Department of General Medicine,Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an(710004),Shaanxi Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第二附属医院全科医学科,陕西710004 [2]包头医学院第二附属医院消化内科 [3]西安交通大学第二附属医院消化内科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第12期1894-1897,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解陕西省中小学生功能性便秘(FC)患病率及相关因素分析,为预防学生功能性便秘提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2017年3—9月对陕西省8所中小学10~18岁的9133名小学、初中、高中生进行问卷调查。采用χ^(2)检验以及多因素Logistic回归分析陕西省中小学生功能性便秘的影响因素。结果符合FC罗马IV诊断标准的学生共364名,患病率为3.99%。其中男生155名,患病率为3.43%;女生209名,患病率4.53%。单因素分析提示性别,母乳喂养,与父母分离,长期学校用餐,主食种类,早餐、凉食、辣食、油炸食物、腌制食物、甜食、蔬菜等进食频率与功能性便秘有关,组间差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为7.30,18.75,20.89,35.54,22.43,16.05,21.31,13.97,10.33,23.96,16.25,17.74,P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女生、非母乳喂养、与父母分离、长期学校用餐、很少吃主食/主食以米饭为主、从不吃蔬菜与功能性便秘的发生呈正相关(OR值分别为1.37,1.96,1.52,2.07,1.76,1.58,2.31,P值均<0.05)。结论中小学生功能性便秘患病率较高。应重点关注中小学生饮食习惯和食物分类等相关影响因素,预防中小学生功能性便秘的发生。Objective To understand the prevalence and associated factors of functional constipation(FC)among primary and middle school students in Shaanxi Province,in order to provide a basis for preventing FC in students.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 9133 primary and middle school students aged 10-18 in eight primary and secondary schools in Shaanxi Province from March to September,2017.Chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the associated factors of FC among primary and middle school students in Shaanxi Province.ResultsThere were a total of 364 students meeting the FC Rome IV diagnostic criteria,with a prevalence rate of 3.99%.Among them,there were 155 male students with a prevalence rate of 3.43%,and 209 female students with a prevalence rate of 4.53%.Univariate analysis showed that gender,breastfeeding,separation from parents,long-term school meals,types of staple foods,breakfast frequency,cold foods eating frequency,spicy foods eating frequency,fried food eating frequency,pickled food eating frequency,desserts eating frequency,vegetables eating frequency were related to FC,and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=7.30,18.75,20.89,35.54,22.43,16.05,21.31,13.97,10.33,23.96,16.25,17.74,P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female,non breastfeeding,separation from parents,long-term school meals,low consumption of staple food/staple food dominated by rice,and never eating vegetables were positively correlated with FC(OR=1.37,1.96,1.52,2.07,1.76,1.58,2.31,P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of functional constipation is higher in primary and middle school students.Attention should be paid to factors related to students'dietary habits and food classification to prevent the occurrence of FC in primary and middle school students.

关 键 词：便秘 患病率 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R155.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R256.35