超宽带脉冲星信号采集与处理架构设计及功能验证  

Design of ultra-wideband pulsar signal acquisition and processingarchitecture and functional verification

作　　者：裴鑫[1,2] 李健 段雪峰[1,2] 张海龙 PEI Xin;LI Jian;DUAN XueFeng;ZHANG HaiLong(Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Microwave Technology,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆天文台,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆微波技术重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2024年第1期85-97,共13页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2021YFC2203502);国家自然科学基金(编号:12073066,61931002);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(编号:2020063);中国科学院“西部之光”项目(编号:2022-XBQNXZ-012);中国科学院科研仪器设备研制项目(编号:PTYQ2022YZZD01)资助。

摘　　要：采用超宽带观测系统对于提升脉冲星到达时间精度具有显著效果,但超宽带接收系统所产生的超高速数据流对终端系统的实时传输、分发和处理形成了较大挑战.本文以QTT规划的S波段超宽带接收系统为对象,采用先进的射频信号直接采集和混合架构多功能天文计算模型设计了脉冲星信号采集与处理系统架构.采用一块RFSoC平台将宽带模拟信号分为2个模拟子带进行采集,然后信道化为多个数字子带并通过2个100 Gb网络端口分发至多个HPC处理节点进行实时处理,可实现3 GHz宽带信号的同步采集和多功能处理,系统架构简洁、可扩展性强.对射频信号分段采集、100 Gb网络多路分发、VDIF数据格式封装等功能进行了测试,并开展了单子带脉冲星观测实验.The ultra-wideband observation system has a remarkable impact on improving the accuracy of pulsar arrival time.However, the ultra-high-speed data stream generated by the receiving system poses a substantial challenge to the realtimetransmission, distribution, and processing of signals. The architecture of the pulsar signal acquisition and processingsystem is designed using advanced RF-direct signal acquisition and hybrid architecture multifunctional astronomicalcomputing model to prepare the S-band UWB receiving system proposed by QTT. This report used an RFSoC platformto divide the broadband analog signal into two analog sub-bands for acquisition. These were then channelized intomultiple digital sub-bands and distributed to multiple HPC processing nodes through two 100 Gb ports for real-timeprocessing. The acquisition and multifunctional processing of broadband signals and the system architecture are simpleand expandable. It can accomplish 3 GHz broadband signal simultaneous acquisition and multifunctional processing.Remarkably, the system architecture is simple and has high scalability. This research evaluated the functions of radiofrequency signal segment acquisition, 100 Gb network multiplexing, and VDIF data format packetization and conductedthe monoband pulsar observation experiment.

关 键 词：数字终端 超宽带 脉冲星高精度计时 射频直接采样 

分 类 号：P145.6[天文地球—天体物理]