重构本草——牡蛎  

Reconstruction of Chinese materia medica–oyster shell

作　　者：沈梦菲 张伟 赵林华[3] SHEN Mengfei;ZHANG Wei;ZHAO Linhua(Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Department of Encephalopathy,Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xi'an 710021,China;Institute of Metabolic Diseases,Guang'anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100029 [2]西安市中医医院脑病医院,西安710021 [3]中国中医科学院广安门医院代谢病研究所,北京100053

出　　处：《吉林中医药》2024年第1期84-86,共3页Jilin Journal of Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中国科学院学部咨询评议项目(2021-ZW10-A-017);国家自然科学基金面上项目(81973837);北京中医药大学壶天客座教授科研启动经费资助(2023-XJ-KYQD-006);西安市卫生健康委员会一般研究项目(2023YB32)。

摘　　要：通过古籍文献调研、中医药现代研究成果的梳理,结合中医临床及中药学等学科领域内知名专家学者的认识及应用经验,归纳出牡蛎:功效主要为潜阳补阴,重镇安神,软坚散结,收敛固涩,制酸止痛。症靶为眩晕,失眠,汗出过多,白带过多,反酸。标靶为甲状腺结节、乳腺增生、子宫肌瘤、淋巴结结节。现代药理研究发现牡蛎及其有效成分具有抗氧化、抗肝损伤、镇静、抗惊厥、抗癫痫、镇痛、增强免疫、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗衰老、抗胃溃疡等作用,牡蛎多糖具有降血脂、抗凝血、抗血栓等作用。在临床应用经验与使用注意事项中,牡蛎质重,宜先煎。潜阳补阴、重镇安神、软坚散结生用,收敛固涩、制酸止痛煅用。临床使用牡蛎煎服剂量多为9~120 g,内服时当根据不同疾病,或同一疾病的不同阶段进行辨证使用,并积极探索牡蛎用量与症靶、标靶的量效关系构建。Through the investigation of ancient literature and the sorting of modern research achievements in traditional Chinese medicine,combined with the understanding and application experience of well-known experts and scholars in the clinical and pharmaceutical fields of traditional Chinese medicine,it is concluded that oyster shell mainly has the following characteristics:Its main effects are suppressing hyperactive yang and nourishing yin,tranquilizing the mind with heavy prescriptions,softening and resolving hard masses,astringing,relieving acid and pains.Its symptom targets include vertigo,insomnia,hyperhidrosis,excessive vaginal discharge,and acid reflux,while its biochemical indicator targets involve thyroid nodules,breast hyperplasia,uterinefibroids,and lymph node nodules.Modern pharmacological studies have found that oyster shell and its active ingredients have the antioxidant,anti-liver injury,sedative,anticonvulsant,anti-epileptic,analgesic,immune enhancing,anti-tumor,antioxidant,anti-aging,and antigastric ulcer and other effects,while oyster polysaccharides have the effects of lowering blood lipid,anticoagulation,and anti-thrombosis.In clinical application experience and precautions,oyster shell is heavy and should be decocted first.When it is used for suppressing hyperactive yang and nourishing yin,tranquilizing the mind with heavy prescriptions,softening and resolving hard masses,it should be used without being decocted,while for astringing,relieving acid and pains,it should be calcinated.Its dosage in clinical decoctions is mostly 9-120 g.When taken orally,it should be used according to different diseases or different stages of the same disease,and the dose-effect relationship between its dosage and symptom targets,biochemical indicator targets should be actively explored and reconstructed.

关 键 词：牡蛎 症靶 标靶 重构本草 临床回归 

分 类 号：R281.3[医药卫生—中药学]