考虑碳交易的电力现货市场出清多阶段优化模型研究  

Multi-stage Optimization Model for Electricity Spot Market Clearing Considering Carbon Trading

作　　者：董福贵[1] 郗来昊 孟子航 DONG Fugui;CHI Laihao;MENG Zihang(School of Economics and Management,North China Electric Power University,Changping District,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学经济与管理学院,北京市昌平区102206

出　　处：《电网技术》2024年第1期79-90,共12页Power System Technology

基　　金：北京社会科学基金项目(21JJB012)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着我国电力现货市场和碳市场的逐步完善,如何更好地实现电力现货市场和碳市场深度耦合,推进电碳市场向竞争市场发展已经成为一个新的研究重点。该文提出了一个考虑碳交易的电力现货市场出清多阶段优化模型,并对该模型下的电力现货市场均衡问题进行了分析。在模型的第一阶段,建立了市场机组碳配额分配模型;在第二阶段引入阶梯碳交易机制,结合各机组的碳配额,建立考虑电能量成本最小和阶梯碳交易成本最小的电力现货市场出清模型;在第三阶段,结合前两个阶段确定的各机组碳配额和中标信息,建立以电能量成本最小为目标的电价追踪模型和机组碳成本计算模型。最后将该文模型在改进的PJM5节点系统(Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland 5-bus power grid)上实现,并从出清结果和市场均衡结果两个方面验证了模型的有效性。结果表明,该文所提模型能够实现市场出清经济目标与低碳目标之间的平衡,能够在不增加电碳耦合总成本的基础上实现最大的碳减排量,同时通过增强发电机组参与市场竞争的主观能动性,降低了用户侧用电成本。In recent years,with the gradual improvement of China's electricity spot markets and carbon markets,how to better achieve the deep coupling between the two markets and promote the development of the electricity-carbon market towards a competitive market has be-come a new research focus.This paper proposes a multi-stage optimization model for the electricity spot market clearing considering the carbon trading and studies the equilibrium problem in the electricity spot market under this model.In the first stage of the proposed model,a carbon quota allocation model for the market units is established.In the second stage,a tiered carbon trading mechanism is introduced,and an electricity spot market clearing model considering the minimum cost of both the electricity quantity and the tiered carbon trading is established based on the carbon quota of each unit.In the third stage,an electricity price tracking model with the mini-mum energy cost and a unit carbon cost calculation model are established based on the carbon quota and the bid information determined in the first two stages.Finally,the proposed model is implemented on the improved PJM5 node system(Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland 5-bus power grid),and the validity of the model is verified from the aspects of the clearing result and the market equilibrium result.The results show that the proposed model is able to balance the economic and low-carbon goals of the market clearing,maximize the carbon emissions reduction without increasing the total cost of the electricity-carbon coupling.Meanwhile the user-side electricity cost is reduced by enhancing the subjective initiative of the power generation units’participation in the market competition.

关 键 词：电力现货市场 碳交易市场 电碳耦合 市场出清 多智能体强化学习 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]