法典编纂视野下劳动法域外适用制度的体系化建构  

Systematic Construction of Extraterritorial Application of Labor Law from the Perspective of Codification

作　　者：班小辉[1] Ban Xiaohui

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院

出　　处：《法学》2024年第1期158-174,共17页Law Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“数字经济下我国劳动法面临的挑战与转型研究”(项目编号:19CFX077)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在加快推进涉外法治制度建设的背景下,域外适用是我国劳动法典编纂论证中必须重点考虑的问题之一。结合立法与实践,我国事实上形成了两条劳动法的域外适用路径:一是直接适用劳动法;二是依据涉外民事关系法律适用法指引适用。然而,上述路径的相互关系和内在适用逻辑并不清晰。从立法技术层面考虑,在编纂劳动法典时应当明确域外适用范围的条款表述,且不宜纳入法律适用法规则。以是否存在统一的涉外劳动合同法律适用规则作为考察依据,不同国家劳动立法呈现出差异化的域外适用表述,但在司法实践中存在共性的立法管辖标准,即以“真实联系”为核心。故此,在设计劳动法典的域外适用条款时,可考虑在地域适用范围中融入真实联系原则,以完善域外适用的表述,同时协调劳动法典域外适用与法律适用法规则的内在逻辑,谨慎适用强制性规范,将域外适用范围作为最密切联系的情形,并允许当事人做出对劳动者更为有利保护的法律选择。In the context of accelerating the construction of foreign-related legislation,the extraterritorial application must be considered in the codification of China's labor code.From the perspective of legislation and practice,China has formed two paths for the extraterritorial application of labor law:direct application of labor law or application following the conflict of law.However,the above paths'interrelationship and internal application logic must be clarified.From the perspective of legislative technology,when compiling China's labor code,the terms and expressions of the scope of extraterritorial application should be clarified,and it is not suitable to include the rules of applicable law.Based on whether there is a unified rule of law applicable to foreign-related labor contracts,the labor legislation of different countries presents a differentiated expression of extraterritorial application.However,there is a common legislative jurisdiction standard in judicial practice,with genuine connection as the core.When designing the labor code in China,the principle of genuine connection should be incorporated to improve the expression of the scope of geographical application.At the same time,it is necessary to coordinate the internal logic of the extraterritorial application of labor law and the law of legal application,apply mandatory norms carefully,take the scope of extraterritorial application as the most closely related situation,and allow the parties to make legal choices that are more beneficial to the protection of workers.

关 键 词：劳动法典编纂 域外适用 真实联系原则 法律适用法 

分 类 号：D922.5[政治法律—民商法学]