EP管法血型鉴定试剂爆珠的研究  

Research on EP tube method of reagent burstbead for bloodtype detection

作　　者：马印图 赵义曼 陈莉[2] 杨晓亚 周景艳 闫浩[1] 李莉华[2] MA Yintu;ZHAO Yiman;CHEN Li;YANG Xiaoya;ZHOU Jingyan;YAN Hao;LI Lihua(Department of Blood Transfusion,No.980 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Forces,Shijiazhuang,050082,China;Department of Blood Supply,Hebei Blood Center)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八○医院输血医学科,石家庄050082 [2]河北省血液中心

出　　处：《临床血液学杂志》2023年第12期845-850,854,共7页Journal of Clinical Hematology

基　　金：医院科技创新“孵育”计划项目(No:FYJHZD-02)。

摘　　要：目的:研制一种新型EP管法输血前血型鉴定技术方法,在战时和自然灾害等突发情况下不需要电力设备和额外试剂即可快速、准确完成血型鉴定,提高野战输血救治的时效性和安全性。方法:采用抗-A、抗-B、抗-D血型单克隆抗体作为正定型试剂,A、B、O型红细胞膜抗原与胶体金试剂按一定比例混合、标记,制备成浓度为5%的免疫胶体金标记的膜抗原作为反定型试剂,将正反定型试剂分别制成试剂爆珠,预置在不同检测管内,使用前捏破爆珠,试剂留在孔内,加入被检样本即可进行血型检测,同时与现有技术方法平行对比测试,评价二者的检测效果。结果:成功建立了EP管法血型鉴定技术平台,每粒爆珠内含有200μL反应试剂,手工震荡2 min或800~1 000×g离心15 s即可完成检测,操作过程简单快速,克服了目前固相法缺少反定型的弊端,试剂能够常温条件下长期保存,在反定型中增加了O型红细胞膜抗原起到了不规则抗体筛选的作用,结果更加准确可靠。结论:改良EP管法实现了“无试剂血型鉴定”,特别适合战时和突发情况下野外输血前血型检测,值得推广应用。Objective:To develop a new EP tube method bloodtype quick detection technology without the power equipment and additional reagents before blood transfusion,so as to improve the timeliness and safety of blood transfusion treatment in the case of war and natural disasters.Methods:The monoclonal antibodies contained anti-A,anti-B and anti-D were used as the bloodtype active typing reagent,membrane antigens were obtained and mixed with colloidal gold reagent in certain proportion to prepare 5%immunocolloidal gold labeled for ABO reverse typing reagents.The reagents were respectively made into reagent burstbeads and presetted in different detection tubes.The burstbeads were squeezed so the reagents were left in the well before used,then the samples were dropped in and the detection could be carried out.The experiment was compared with the existing technical methods and the detection effects of the two methods were evaluated.Results:It successfully established EP tube bloodtype identification technology platform and each bead contained 200μL of reagent.The detection could be completed by manual shaking for 2 minutes or 800-1000×g centrifuging for 15 seconds.The technical operation was simple and fast.The reagent could be stored for a long time under normal temperature conditions.The technology overcame the lack of anti-type drawbacks and the misproval of irregular antibody because of the O red blood cell membrane antigen added.The result was more secure and reliable.Conclusion:The EP tube burstbeads technical method realized"no additional reagent blood type identification".It was especially suitable for bloodtype detection before transfusion in case of wartime and emergency and worthy of popularization and application.

关 键 词：野战输血 血型鉴定 爆珠技术 膜抗原 胶体金 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]