大型滨水绿地生物多样性感知对心理恢复的影响机制  

Influence Mechanism of Perceived Biodiversity on Mental Restoration in Large Waterfront Green Spaces

作　　者：周燕[1,2] 罗雅文[1,2] 郭诗怡 ZHOU Yan;LUO Yawen;GUO Shiyi(the School of Urban Design,Wuhan University;Research Center of Human Settlements Environment Engineering Technology of Hubei,Wuhan University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学城市设计学院 [2]武汉大学湖北省人居环境工程技术研究中心

出　　处：《风景园林》2024年第2期111-119,共9页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“平原水网城市建成环境对鸟类多样性的影响机制与规划响应”(编号52208083);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目“长江流域生态空间对鸟类多样性的影响机制与空间优化研究”(编号2023M742694)。

摘　　要：【目的】城市大型滨水绿地不仅是城市生物多样性热点区域,还是城市居民的重要休闲游憩场所。探讨滨水绿地中的生物多样性水平对于心理恢复的影响机制,有利于提升居民心理健康效益,为构建健康城市提供理论依据。【方法】选取位于武汉中心城区的百里长江生态廊道-城区段5片滨水绿地中的18个相对围合的小型场地为样点,通过调查问卷获取居民对鸟类和植物多样性的多感官维度感知、感知恢复性及心理恢复水平,构建三者之间的结构方程模型。【结果】显著影响心理恢复的植物多样性感知主要集中在视觉维度,鸟类多样性感知则兼顾了视、听两个维度;植物多样性感知和鸟类多样性感知均可通过感知恢复性这一中介要素间接促进心理恢复,且植物多样性感知还能直接促进心理恢复,而岸线可达性越低的场地,其鸟类多样性感知对于感知恢复性的正向效益越大。【结论】证实了城市大型滨水空间的生物多样性感知水平对居民心理恢复的积极影响,且这一积极影响可由感知恢复性介导。未来可通过加强提升景观异质性、优化植物配置组合、增设滨水设施并加强安全管理、实施生物多样性科普教育工作等具体措施,提升滨水绿地在提升居民心理健康福祉方面的效益。[Objective]Large-scale waterfront green spaces serve both as valuable resources for biodiversity and as significant recreational facilities for urban residents.Residents face a severe mental health crisis,especially in high-density built environments.This research intends to explore the influence mechanism of biodiversity level in waterfront green space on mental restoration,in hope of enhancing residents’mental health and providing a theoretical basis for building a healthy city.[Methods]This research takes the“100-mile Yangtze River Ecological Corridor:Urban Section”in the central urban area of Wuhan as an example,and selects 18 relatively enclosed small sites in 5 waterfront green spaces as sample sites.A total of 447 questionnaires(437 valid ones)are distributed in 7:00-9:00 a.m.and 16:00-18:00 p.m.on weekdays to obtain residents’perception of plant diversity and bird diversity,as well as their perceived restorativeness and mental restoration level.Then the influence mechanism of perceived biodiversity on residents’mental restoration,as well as the mediating effect of perceived restorativeness are explored by constructing a structural equation model(SEM).[Results]Perceived biodiversity can significantly promote residents’mental restoration,and perceived restorativeness serves as a mediator in the linkage between perceived biodiversity and mental restoration.Specifically,perceived plant diversity may directly promote mental restoration and indirectly enhance perceived restorativeness by influencing perceived restorativeness.In addition,there are differences in the contribution of“plant species diversity”,“plant color diversity”and“plant odor diversity”to mental restoration(0.820,0.780 and 0.694 respectively).Besides,there is also a significant positive correlation between perceived bird diversity and perceived restorativeness(p<0.05),but there is no significant correlation between perceived bird diversity and mental restoration,and perceived bird diversity can only indirectly contribute

关 键 词：风景园林 滨水绿地 生物多样性感知 心理恢复 多维感知 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]