不同施氮量对旱作春小麦农田土壤温室气体排放的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rates on Greenhouse Gas Emission from Farmland Soil of Spring Wheat

作　　者：郭高文 齐鹏[1,2,3] 王晓娇 甘润 蔡立群 张仁陟[1,2,3] Guo Gaowen;Qi Peng;Wang Xiaojiao;Gan Run;Cai Liqune;Zhang Renzhi(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu ProvincialKey Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Engineering ResearchCenter for Agriculture Water-Saving,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Management,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省节水农业工程技术研究中心,甘肃730070 [4]甘肃农业大学管理学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《国土与自然资源研究》2024年第2期75-81,共7页Territory & Natural Resources Study

基　　金：甘肃省高校创新基金项目(2020B-135);青年导师扶持基金项目(GAU-QDFC-2021-20);甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA830)。

摘　　要：本文以长期施氮春小麦农田为研究对象,施氮水平为0、75.0、115.0、190.0 kg·hm^(-2)。采用静态箱-气相色谱法测量土壤温室气体排放通量。在整个生育期,春小麦农田土壤为CO_(2)、N_(2)O排放源和CH_(4)吸收汇。与N0相比,N_(2)和N3处理CO_(2)排放量分别增加了8.57%和19.34%,N1、N_(2)和N3处理土壤N_(2)O累积排放量分别增加了5.91%、72.89%和86.78%;施氮对土壤CH_(4)吸收无显著影响,N_(2)、N3处理综合增温潜势分别增加了11.03%、21.81%(P<0.01);较未种植小麦土壤,种植小麦显著增加了土壤CO_(2)累积排放量,N0、N1、N_(2)和N3处理分别增加了61.29%、24.94%、57.00%和74.03%,显著降低39.44%土壤N_(2)O排放量(P<0.01),对CH_(4)吸收量无显著影响(P<0.05)。结论表明,施氮显著增加了土壤CO_(2)和N_(2)O排放,施氮量为190.0kg·hm^(-2)处理排放量最高;小麦生长增加了土壤CO_(2)排放,降低土壤N_(2)O排放量;CO_(2)排放通量和CH_(4)吸收通量与土壤含水量均呈显著负相关,CH_(4)吸收与土壤温度呈显著正相关。The long-term nitrogen fertilization spring wheat field was used as the research object,and the nitrogen fertilization levels were 0,75.0,115.0 and 190.0 kg·hm^(-2).Soil GHG emission fluxes were measured by static cable-meteorological chromatography.During the whole growth period of spring wheat,spring wheat farmland soil was a source of CO_(2)and N_(2)O emission and a sink of CH_(4).Compared with N0,the CO_(2)cumulative emissions of N2 and N3 treatment increased by 8.57% and 19.34%.The N_(2)O cumulative emissions of N1,N2 and N3 treatment increased by 5.91%,72.89% and 86.78%.Nitrogen application had no significant effect on soil CH_(4)cumulative absorption;the global warming potential of N2 and N3 treatments increased by 11.03% and 21.81%,respectively(P<0.01).Compared with unplanted wheat soil,planting wheat increased soil CO_(2)cumulative emissionssignificantly,and the N0,N1,N2 and N3 treatments increased by 61.29%,24.94%,57.00% and 74.03%,and reduced soil N_(2)O emissions by 39.44%(P<0.01);and no significant effect on CH_(4)absorption(P<0.05).The results showed that nitrogen application significantly increased soil CO_(2)and N_(2)O emissions,and the nitrogen application level of 190.0 kg·hm^(-2)had the highest level of emissions;planting wheat increases soil CO_(2)emissions and reduces soil N_(2)O emissions;both CO_(2)emission flux and CH_(4)absorption flux were significantly negatively correlated with soil water content;CH_(4)absorption is significantly positively correlated with soil temperature.

关 键 词：施氮 温室气体 春小麦 陇中黄土高原 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]