高校毕业生的就业特点与趋势分析  

Analysis on Characteristics and Trends of for College Graduates’Employment

作　　者：岳昌君[1] YUE Chang-jun(PEKING University,Beijing,100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学教育经济研究所,北京100871

出　　处：《中国劳动》2023年第4期48-58,共11页China Labor

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目,高校毕业生高质量就业的评价与对策研究,项目编号:22JJD880038。

摘　　要：包括高校毕业生在内的青年就业是全球性的难题,受到需求端和供给侧多种因素的影响。目前,非标准就业成为全球就业市场的大趋势,但高校毕业生尚难以接受。同时,高校毕业生就业存在易受市场需求变化和相关政策影响、相对收入指数横向比较差异显著、就业分布非均衡化、学历匹配和专业匹配程度均较高、偏好经济价值和个人价值等特点。与此同时,就业结构性矛盾、就业能力不足是影响高校毕业生就业的突出问题。因此,为了促进高校毕业生高质量充分就业,应当发挥有效市场的就业吸纳作用,高度重视和利用民营企业的发展;加强高等教育改革,按市场需求提高学生的学习和就业能力;积极引导高校毕业生转变就业观念‘树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观;进一步加强对业离校时仍未找到工作的毕业生的帮扶。Youth employment,including college graduates,is a global problem,which is influenced by many factors on the demand side and the supply side.At present,non-standard employment has become a major trend in the global employment market,but it is still difficult for college graduates to accept it.Meanwhile,the employment of college graduates is vulnerable to changes in market demand and related policies,the relative income index is significantly different horizontally,the employment distribution is unbalanced,the degree of academic degree matching and professional matching are high,and they prefer economic value and personal value.At the same time,the structural contradiction of employment and the lack of employment ability are prominent problems that affect the employment of college graduates.Therefore,in order to promote high-quality and full employment of college graduates,we should make market play its effective role in employment absorption,and attach great importance to and make use of the development of private enterprises;strengthen the reform of higher education to improve students’learning and employment ability according to market demand;actively guide college graduates to update their employment concepts and establish a correct outlook on world,life and values;further strengthen the assistance to college graduates who have not found jobs when they leave school.

关 键 词：高校毕业生 就业形势 就业特点 

分 类 号：F241.4[经济管理—劳动经济]