基于主成分和聚类分析的云南文山典型石漠化区土壤肥力分析  

Evaluation of Soil Fertility in Typical Rocky Desertification Area in Wenshan of Yunnan Based on Principal Component and Cluster Analysis

作　　者：李春情 屈用函[1] 农全东 农传江 李雪萍 茹瑞红 陈显梅 钟正阳 LI Chunqing;QU Yonghan;NONG Quandong;NONG Chuanjiang;LI Xueping;RU Ruihong;CHEN Xianmei;ZHONG Zhengyang(Institute of Ecological Environment and Resources,Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wenshan,Yunnan 663099)

机构地区：[1]文山州农业科学院生态环境资源研究所,云南文山663099

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第1期66-72,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：文山州院士专家工作站项目“徐明岗专家工作站”(WS2019-04-01);“日本有机新星土壤改良剂在文山州农业领域的研究及运用项目”(WCN201997);云南省科技厅重点研发(社会发展)专项“西畴县三光科技创新示范村创建项目”(202304BU090001)。

摘　　要：对云南砚山县和西畴县典型石漠化区土壤肥力状况进行丰缺诊断和综合肥力评价,以期为研究区域土壤品质提升提供科学依据。测定土壤pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、电导率6个土壤肥力指标,对土壤肥力指标变化规律进行分析,通过主成分分析计算土壤肥力综合得分,应用系统聚类法对土壤肥力进行分类。结果表明,研究区域土壤有效磷含量属于中等偏下水平,碱解氮含量属于高水平。采用主成分分析将土壤肥力指标提取为3个主成分,可反映土壤全部信息的80.52%。第一主成分以有机质和pH贡献大,第二主成分以速效钾、碱解氮、有效磷贡献大,第三主成分以电导率贡献大。土壤综合肥力可分为2类,第一类土壤综合肥力属于中等水平,第二类土壤综合肥力水平较低。总而言之,云南砚山县和西畴县典型石漠化区土壤综合肥力属于中低水平,土壤有效磷、有机质和pH是影响土壤综合肥力高低的关键因子,需加强土壤养分管理,合理施肥,提升土壤综合肥力水平。To provide scientific basis for soil quality improvement in typical rocky desertification area in Yanshan and Xichou County,Yunnan Province,the abundance and deficiency of soil fertility was diagnosed and the soil comprehensive fertility was evaluated.First,six soil fertility indexes(pH,organic matter,alkaline decomposition nitrogen,effective phosphorus,fast-acting potassium and electrical conductivity)were measured.Then,the change rule of indexes was analyzed.Finally,the comprehensive score of soil fertility was calculated by principal component analysis.The systematic clustering analysis was used to classify soil fertility scores.The results showed that in the study area,the content of available phosphorus was at medium to low level,and the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen was at the high level.Principal component analysis was used to extract soil fertility indicators into three principal components,which reflect about 80.52%of all soil information.The first principal component was organic matter and pH,the second principal component was dominated by available potassium,alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen,and available phosphorus,and third one was electrical conductivity.The soil comprehensive fertility level was divided into two categories,the first category of soil comprehensive fertility was at medium level,and the second category was at lower level.In a word,the soil comprehensive fertility in Yanshan and Xichou County’s typical rocky desertification area was at medium to low level.Soil available phosphorus,organic matter and pH were the key factors affecting the soil comprehensive fertility.So it is necessary to strengthen soil nutrient management and apply fertilizer reasonably to improve the soil fertility level.

关 键 词：石漠化区 主成分分析 聚类分析 土壤肥力分析 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]