山东砣矶岛大口遗址人类颅骨测量性状研究  

Study on Metrical Traits of Human Skulls Unearthed from Dakou Site on Shandong's Tuoji Island

作　　者：张旭[1] 王明辉[1] 李佳伟 詹芃 杜振远 ZHANG Xu

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京市100710 [2]山西大学考古文博学院,山西太原市030006 [3]吉林大学考古学院,吉林长春市130012 [4]山东省文物考古研究院,山东济南市250012

出　　处：《华夏考古》2023年第6期83-89,共7页Huaxia Archaeology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(17CKG022);中华文明探源研究项目“中华文明起源进程中的古代人群与分子考古学研究”(2020YFC1521607);中国社会科学院创新工程项目(2022KGYJ015)共同成果。

摘　　要：本文针对山东烟台砣矶岛大口遗址1982年发掘出土的人骨标本进行了颅骨测量与分析。基于颅骨测量性状将其与我国境内先秦时期的6个对比组、山东地区新石器时代的9个对比组人群进行生物距离系数的计算,结果表明:大口遗址第一文化期古代居民颅面形态近似先秦时期古华北类型,与山东地区丁公、呈子组等龙山文化时期古代居民较为接近,与本文古DNA分析结果基本相符合。此外,本文还对大口遗址古代居民的人群构成以及龙山文化时期山东先民的颅面形态特征进行了初步探讨。In this article,cranial measurements and analyses are carried out to examine the human bone specimens gathered at Dakou Site on Tuoji Island in Shandong's Yantai in 1982.Based on the measured cranial traits,coefficients are calculated to determine the biological distance between these specimens and six pre-Qin comparison groups found in China and nine Neolithic comparison groups found in Shandong.The results show that the craniofacial morphology of the ancient inhabitants living in the first phase of Dakou Site is similar to that of pre-Qin people of Ancient North China type,and is comparatively close to that of ancient inhabitants of Shandong's Dinggong and Chengzi in Longshan Culture period.The findings are consistent with the results of the ancient DNA analysis included in the article.Besides,the article preliminarily explores the population composition of the ancient inhabitants of Dakou Site as well as the craniofacial features of the ancestors living in Shandong in Longshan Culture period.

关 键 词：大口遗址 龙山文化 颅骨线性测量 生物距离 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] Q981[历史地理—历史学]