浅谈延迟焦化密闭除焦技术的职业卫生意义  

Occupational Health Signifi cance of Delayed Coking Closed Decoking Technology

作　　者：郭强之 娄峰 史松良 裴伟姬 崔涛 张磊 Guo Qiangzhi;Lou Feng;Shi Songliang;Pei Weiji;Cui Tao;Zhang Lei(Sinopec Safety Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shandong,266100;Sinopec National Petrochemical Project Risk Assessment Technical Center Co.,Ltd.,Shandong,266100)

机构地区：[1]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,山东266100 [2]中石化国家石化项目风险评估技术中心有限公司,山东266100

出　　处：《当代化工研究》2023年第24期17-19,共3页Modern Chemical Research

摘　　要：目的:分析延迟焦化密闭除焦技术的职业卫生意义,为延迟焦化装置技术改造及职业病危害评价提供参考。方法:采用职业卫生学调查和检测方法,对研究对象生产工艺、原辅材料、劳动定员、工作制度及作业方式等进行现场调查和检测。结果:采用密闭除焦技术后,延迟焦化装置存在的主要职业病危害因素均低于国家限值标准,尤其是硫化氢和石油焦粉尘,检测结果从普遍超标降到符合职业接触限值要求。此外,密闭除焦技术自动化程度高,减少了作业人员现场停留时间和劳动强度,除焦岗位人员接触化学毒物、粉尘、物理因素的浓度/强度均降低。结论:延迟焦化密闭除焦技术可以降低作业人员劳动强度,提高作业效率,有利于作业安全和人员健康,可有效降低职业接触水平等级,是一种有效的职业卫生工程措施。Objective:To analyze the occupational health significance of delayed coking closed decoking technology,and provides reference for technical reform of delayed coking unit and occupational hazard assessment.Methods:Occupational health investigation and testing methods were used to investigation and detection of the research object’s manufacturing technique,raw and auxiliary materials,manpower quota,working system and operation mode,etc.Results:After the adoption of closed decoking technology,the main occupational hazard factors in delayed coke units are lower than the occupational exposure limit,especially hydrogen sulfide and petroleum coke dust,which the test results were reduced from generally excessive to occupational exposure limits.In addition,the closed decoking technology has a high degree of automation,which can reduces the on-site residence time and labor intensity of operators.The concentration/intensity of exposure to chemical poisons,dust and physical factors were reduced.Conclusion:Delayed coking closed de-coking technology can reduce the labor intensity of operators,improve work efficiency,conducive to operation safety and personnel health,effectively reduce the level of occupational exposure,which is an effective occupational health engineering measures.

关 键 词：延迟焦化 密闭除焦 卫生工程 职业卫生 职业病危害 

分 类 号：TE[石油与天然气工程]