基于新媒体的12117人新型冠状病毒疫苗认知水平和第二次加强免疫接种意愿及影响因素分析  

Web survey on 12 117 public′ awareness of the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines and their willingness to receive the second booster immunization

作　　者：路明霞[1] 李致远 白祎然 王长双[1] 刘占峰[1] 赵红玉 徐瑾[1] 张延炀[1] LU Mingxia;LI Zhiyuan;BAI Yiran;WANG Changshuagn;LIU Zhanfeng;ZHAO Hongyu;XU Jin;ZHANG Yanyang(Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China;School of Public Health,Zhengzhou University;Zhengdong New Area Minsheng Road Community Health Service Center)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016 [2]郑州大学公共卫生学院 [3]郑州市郑东新区民生路社区卫生服务中心

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第1期6-10,25,共6页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

基　　金：2021年河南省科技攻关计划(212102310492)。

摘　　要：目的 了解公众对新型冠状病毒疫苗(简称新冠疫苗)认知水平和第二次加强免疫接种意愿。方法 2022年11月通过网络问卷对微信公众号受众群体新冠疫苗认知、第二次加强免疫接种意愿、疫苗种类选择等进行调查,对所得数据进行χ^(2)检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果 共收回有效问卷12 117份,调查对象新冠疫苗覆盖率99.04%,疫苗高认知比例为80.37%,不同人群认知水平存在差异(P均<0.05)。9 526名完成第一次加强免疫人群中,85.87%愿意接种第二次加强免疫。相较于参照组,新冠疫苗高认知(OR=4.012)、关注疫苗有效性(OR=2.878)、关注接种便利性(OR=4.037)、最信任信息获取途径为单位或社区通知(OR=13.243)、最信任信息获取途径为新媒体(OR=9.112)等是第二次加强免疫接种意愿的促进因素。结论 公众对新冠疫苗认知程度高,第二次加强免疫接种意愿整体较高。社区组织发动、专业机构利用新媒体开展宣传教育、优化接种体验等措施将有助于提高接种意愿。Objective To understand the public′ s awareness of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccines and their willingness to receive the second booster immunization. Methods A survey was conducted by using Tencent Questionnaire,through the link pushed by the Wechat official account to investigate the vaccination status of COVID-19, the level of COVID-19 vaccine awareness, the willingness to receive the second booster immunization, the choice of vaccination procedures. The survey data was analyzed by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 12 117 questionnaires were collected. The coverage rate of COVID-19 vaccine among the respondents was 99.04%, and the high cognitive rate of COVID-19 vaccine was 80.37%, and there were differences in cognitive level among different groups(all P<0.05). Among 9 526people who completed the first booster immunization, 85.87% were willing to receive a second booster shot. Compared to the reference group, high awareness of COVID-19 vaccine(OR=4.012), concern about vaccine effectiveness(OR=2.878), concern about convenience of vaccination(OR=4.037), most trust in unit or community notification(OR=13.243), and most trust in new media channels such as Wechat official account(OR =9.112) were the contributing factors to the willingness to receive the second booster immunization. Conclusions The overall public awareness of the COVID-19 vaccine is high and the willingness to receive a second booster immunization is high generally. Mobilization through community organizations, publicity and education by professional organizations use new media, and optimization of the vaccination experience will help increase the willingness to be vaccinated.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 疫苗 认知 加强免疫 接种意愿 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]