2019—2022年河南省许昌市手足口病流行特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Xuchang city, Henan province from 2019 to 2022

作　　者：徐向华[1] 张巧红[1] 郑惠平[1] 闫有成 张贝贝 王浩培 XU Xianghua;ZHANG Qiaohong;ZHENG Huiping;YAN Youcheng;ZHANG Beibei;WANG Haopei(Xuchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xuchang,Henan 461000,China)

机构地区：[1]许昌市疾病预防控制中心,河南许昌461000

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第1期47-50,共4页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

摘　　要：目的 分析河南省许昌市手足口病流行病学和病原学特征,为疫情防控提供依据。方法 收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统报告的2019—2022年许昌市的手足口病资料,结合许昌市疾病预防控制中心实验室检测数据进行流行病学描述及数据分析。结果 共报告手足口病病例7 714例,年均发病率43.74/10万,累计报告重症病例91例,重症比例为1.18%,死亡0例,不同年份发病率、重症比例差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)分别为1 126.645、23.056,P均<0.05),且呈逐年下降趋势(χ^(2)趋势=947.916,P<0.05)。9个县区均有病例报告,年均发病率前3位为东城区(124.21/10万)、禹州市(56.62/10万)和鄢陵县(44.40/10万)。2020年发病呈单峰,2019年、2021—2022年发病呈双峰模式。男性4 357例(48.20/10万)、女性3 367例(39.07/10万);年龄集中在5岁及以下,累计7 400例(95.93%),以1~<2岁组发病率最高(1 165.12/10万);职业分布以散居儿童为主(64.80%)。共检测样本822份,阳性640份(77.86%),各年份病原构成和轻型、重症病例病原构成差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)分别为85.256、63.459和44.139,P均<0.05);EV71构成持续下降,轻型病例中CA16和其他肠道病毒交替成为优势病原,重症病例中其他肠道病毒占绝对优势,尤其是CA6型占比较高。结论 许昌市手足口病发病呈下降趋势,流行具有明显的地区、时间和人群特征,优势病原有所改变。应继续采取普及疫苗接种、强化监测预警和病原分型、健康教育等综合性防控措施,预防手足口病的发生。Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in Xuchang city, Henan province, and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was adopted to analyze the surveillance data extracted from China Information System for Disease control and Prevention of HFMD in Xuchang city and laboratory testing data from Xuchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2019 to 2022.Results A total of 7 714 cases of HFMD were reported, with an average annual incidence of 43.74/105;and 91 severe cases(1.18%) were reported in total, with 0 death cases reported. The incidence and the proportion of severe cases in different years were statistically significant(for incidence rate, χ~2=1 126.645, P<0.05;for the proportion of incidence rate, χ~2=23.056, P<0.05),and both showed a downward trend year by year( χ~2trend=947.916, P<0.05). All the 9 counties/districts had HFMD cases reported.The top three counties/districts with the highest average annual incidence of HFMD were Dongcheng district(124.21/105),Yuzhou city(56.62/105) and Yanling county(44.40/105). The incidence of HFMD showed a single peak pattern in 2020, while the incidence showed a double peak pattern in 2019, 2021-2022. Of the total cases, 4 347 were male(48.20/105), and 3 367 were female(39.07/105). Most cases were 5 years old and below, accounting for 7 400(95.93%), with the highest incidence in the1-<2-year-old age groups(1 165.12/105);the majority of the cases were living-scattered children(64.80%). A total of 822samples were tested, of which 640 were positive(77.86%). There were statistically significant difference in the composition of pathogens among different years and the composition of pathogens in mild and severe cases( χ~2=85.256, 63.459 and 44.139, respectively, all P<0.05). The proportion of cases with EV71 continued to decline, and CA16 and other enteroviruses alternately became the dominant pathogen in mild cases, while other enteroviruses were ab

关 键 词：手足口病 流行特征 病原学特征 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]