无铅/少铅核辐射防护材料X射线铅当量测量研究  

X-ray lead equivalent measurement of lead-free/lead-composite nuclear radiation protection materials

作　　者：赵瑞[1] 吴金杰[1] 刘博 汤显强 郭彬[1] 吕雅竹[1] 韩露 ZHAO Rui;WU Jinjie;LIU Bo;TANG Xianqiang;GUO Bin;LYU Yazhu;HAN Lu(National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China;Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量科学研究院,北京100029 [2]成都理工大学,成都610059

出　　处：《核技术》2024年第1期42-48,共7页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：国家市场监督管理总局技术保障专项(No.2022YJ33)资助。

摘　　要：新型无铅/少铅核辐射防护材料被越来越多地应用于军事领域,用于保障军队人员的安全和身体健康。基于目前军用核辐射防护服屏蔽性能无法准确测量以及溯源问题,为满足国际上主流军用核辐射防护服辐射性能评价需求,建立了用于防护服铅当量测量装置,通过蒙特卡罗模拟和实验测量相结合方式建立了有效能量在130 keV条件下铅当量测量参考辐射质。采用窄束测量条件完成标准铅片的屏蔽性能测量,并对部分厂家生产的军用核辐射防护服材料进行了屏蔽效率与铅当量测试,铅当量测量结果的相对扩展不确定度为4.2%(k=2),为后续更多的军用核辐射防护材料的出厂前性能测试提供测量参考。[Background]Lead-free/lead-composite nuclear radiation protection materials are becoming increasingly prevalent in military applications to safeguard the health and safety of military personnel.Currently,accurate measurement and tracing of the shielding performance of military nuclear radiation protective clothing is difficult.[Purpose]This study aims to measure lead equivalent in nuclear radiation protection materials for satisfying the radiation performance evaluation requirements of international mainstream military radiation protective clothing.[Methods]Firstly,a device to measure lead equivalence in protective clothing was developed.Then,the reference radiation mass for lead equivalence at a photon energy of 130 keV was determined using a combination of Monte Carlo simulation and experimental measurements.Finally,the shielding performances of a standard lead sheet were assessed using developed device under narrow beam conditions,and shielding performances of military nuclear radiation protective clothing materials produced by a few manufacturers were tested in the same conditions.[Results]Evaluation results show the relative expanded uncertainty of lead equivalent measurement results for standard lead sheet and military nuclear radiation protective clothing samples correspond to 4.2%(k=2).[Conclusions]This study identifies measurement conditions for subsequent performance tests of additional military nuclear radiation protective materials prior to delivery.

关 键 词：核辐射防护材料 130 keV X射线 衰减率 铅当量 

分 类 号：TL751[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]