陆地棉叶片干质量的发育遗传研究  

Study on Developmental Genetic of Leaf Dry Mass of Upland Cotton

作　　者：宋佳 何良荣 郭伟锋[1] 胡守林[1] 陈含静 曹新川[1] SONG Jia;HE Liangrong;GUO Weifeng;HU Shoulin;CHEN Hanjing;CAO Xinchuan(College of Agriculture,Tarim University,Alar Xinjiang 843300,China;College of Life Sciences and Technology,Tarim University,Alar Xinjiang 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学生命科学与技术学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2024年第2期225-234,共10页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：华中农业大学-塔里木大学科研联合基金项目(HNLH202007);陆地棉叶片性状的发育遗传研究(2022030)。

摘　　要：采用基因型与环境互作的加性-显性-母体遗传的非条件与条件分析即ADM遗传模型,研究7个陆地棉亲本及21个正交F1代在3种密度(2.4×10^(5)株/hm^(2)、1.8×10^(5)株/hm^(2)、1.2×10^(5)株/hm^(2))种植下,叶片干质量(LDW)发育遗传规律,探讨陆地棉叶片不同发育时期干质量、发育特征值与发育时间的关系,为优质亲本选育提供依据。结果表明:显性及其与环境互作效应存在于整个叶片干质量累积过程,在叶片不同发育时期或时段也存在较大的加性或母体效应影响,加性及母体与环境互作总体来说影响较小,叶片发育过程中以遗传主效应为主,而遗传主效应表达受环境调控较大;叶片干质量表现出明显杂种优势且易受环境条件影响的特点。不同发育时期或时段叶片干质量对最终叶片干物质的累积均有较大正向作用,但其遗传机制却各不相同。第20天、第30天对叶干质量具有较好选择效果。叶片干物质累积与叶片生长发育特点及亲本的选择有关,可根据各亲本的遗传效应预测值、环境稳定性进行陆地棉叶型育种。7个亲本中,大叶型育种时选择P5为亲本,小叶型育种时选择P2为亲本,以保证营养物质的有效储存与运输。To investigate the relationship between dry mass,developmental characteristics values,and developmental time of land cotton leaves at different developmental periods,and to select high quality parents,the ADM developmental genetic model of genotype-environment interaction was used to study the developmental genetic pattern of seven upland cotton parents and 21 orthologous F1 generations at three densities of 2.4×10^(5) plants/hm^(2),1.8×10^(5) plants/hm^(2) and 1.2×10^(5) plants/hm^(2).The results showed that dominant effect and its interaction with environment directly affected the whole process of leaf dry mass accumulation,the leaf dry mass had the obvious heterosis and was easily affected by environmental conditions through variance analysis,and there was also greater additive or maternal effects in different developmental periods or time of the leaves,the additive-environment interactions and maternal-environment interactions were generally less affected,and the genetic main effect was dominant in the leaf development process,while the expression of the genetic main effect was regula-ted by the environment;the leaf dry mass had obvious heterozygous and was easily affected by the en-vironmental conditions.The leaf dry mass at different developmental periods or time had a large posi-tive effect on the accumulation of final leaf dry matter,but the genetic mechanisms were different.Day 20 and 30 had better effect on selection of the leaf dry mass.The leaf dry matter accumulation was related to the leaf growth and development characteristics and the selection of parents,the breeding of the land cotton leaf type could be carried out according to the predicted value of genetic effect and en-vironmental stability of each parent.Among the seven parents,P5 was selected as the parent for breeding large leaf types,and P2 was selected for breeding small leaf types,thus ensuring efficient storage and transport of nutrients.

关 键 词：陆地棉 叶片干质量 ADM 发育遗传 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]