两种铜制剂与化学农药混配对兰州百合贮存期鳞茎腐烂病防治作用  

Efficiency of Mixture Copper Preparations and Chemical Fungicides Agents in Controlling of Lanzhou Lily Bulb Rot Disease during Storage Period

作　　者：陈应娥 梁巧兰 魏列新 蔺珂 CHEN Ying’e;LIANG Qiaolan;WEI Liexin;LIN Ke(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2024年第2期292-302,共11页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：兰州市科技局项目(2018-4-78);甘肃省科技重大专项(18ZD2NA010);甘肃省农牧厅项目(GNSW-2016-25);甘肃农业大学学科建设基金(GAU-XKJS-2018-155)。

摘　　要：为了筛选出有效防治兰州百合贮存期鳞茎腐烂病菌高效低毒的铜制剂及其混配剂,延缓病原菌的抗药性,采用生长速率法,测定两种铜制剂及其混配剂对裂褶菌(Schizophyllum commune)的抑菌率、抑菌活性及其混配剂的增效作用。结果表明:86.2%氧化亚铜WP和46%氢氧化铜WG以及化学药剂500 g/L异菌脲SC、80%代森锰锌WP、75%百菌清WP对裂褶菌抑菌活性均较好,EC_(50)在6.44~89.60μg/mL;获得5种具有增效作用的混配剂,分别为86.2%氧化亚铜WP∶500 g/L异菌脲SC(2∶8)、86.2%氧化亚铜WP∶75%百菌清WP(5∶5、8∶2、9∶1)、46%氢氧化铜WG∶75%百菌清WP(6∶4),其EC_(50)和共毒系数为5.06~30.16μg/mL和137.91~221.03;离体防效测定发现,86.2%氧化亚铜WP∶75%百菌清WP(5∶5)和86.2%氧化亚铜WP∶500 g/L异菌脲SC(2∶8)对裂褶菌引起的兰州百合鳞茎腐烂病的防效较好,保护作用防效和治疗作用防效在86.62%和78.44%以上,分别比86.2%氧化亚铜WP、500 g/L异菌脲SC和75%百菌清WP防效最高提高5.90%、9.61%和11.53%、14.64%,且在发病前、后施药,混配剂及单剂的保护作用防效均高于治疗作用防效。筛选出86.2%氧化亚铜WP∶75%百菌清WP(5∶5)和86.2%氧化亚铜WP∶500 g/L异菌脲(2∶8)对兰州百合鳞茎腐烂病防效较好的两种混配剂,其平均防效高达84.40%以上,这两种混配剂的防效均显著高于各自单剂的防效。研究结果对指导铜制剂与化学药剂合理混配,有效防治百合鳞茎腐烂病提供科学依据。The aim of this study was to screen the highest efficiency,the lowest-toxicity of copper preparations and their mixtures for controlling Lanzhou lily bulb rot disease during the storage peri-ods,and to alleviate the resistance of pathogen in vitro.The inhibition rate,activity and synergistic effect of the copper preparations and their mixtures against Schizophyllum commune were determined by the growth rating method.The results showed that the cuprous oxide WP(86.2%)and copper hy-droxide WG(46%),as well as chemical fungicides iprodione SC(500 g/L),mancozeb WP(80%),chlorothalonil WP(75%)presented higher inhibition activity on S.commune,of which the EC_(50) value ranged from 6.44 to 89.60μg/mL.Five mixture agents with synergistic effects were obtained,inclu-ding the cuprous oxide WP(86.2%)with iprodione SC(500 g/L)(2∶8),cuprous oxide WP(86.2%)with chlorothalonil WP(75%)(5∶5,8∶2,9∶1)and copper hydroxide WG(46%)with chlorothalonil WP(75%)(6∶4),of which their EC_(50) value and co-toxicity coefficient ranged from 5.06-30.16μg/mL,and 137.91 to 221.03,respectively.Among the five mixture agents,the cuprous oxide WP(86.2%)and chlorothalonil WP(75%)(5∶5),cuprous oxide WP(86.2%)and iprodione SC(500 g/L)(2∶8)exhibited the highest protection and control effect on the lily bulb rot disease that caused by S.commune.The protection and control effect of the cuprous oxide WP(86.2%)and chlorothalonil WP(75%)(5∶5),cuprous oxide WP(86.2%)and iprodione SC(500 g/L)(2∶8)were more than 86.62%and 78.44%,respectively,compared with the single agents of 86.2%cuprous oxide WP,500 g/L iprodione SC and 75%chlorothalonil WP.The control effects in-creased by 5.90%,9.61%and 11.53%,14.64%,respectively.Additionally,the protection effect of the mixture and single agents were higher than the control effect.Finally,two mixture agents of cuprous oxide WP(86.2%)and chlorothalonil WP(75%)(5∶5),cuprous oxide WP(86.2%)and iprodione SC(500 g/L)(2∶8)that were screened and obtained,which had higher efficacy for con-trolling Lanzhou lily

关 键 词：铜制剂 化学农药 百合鳞茎腐烂病 增效作用 防治作用 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]