城市下垫面辐射热对微气候影响的对比实验研究  

Comparative experimental study on the impact of urban underlying surface radiation heat on microclimate

作　　者：刘大龙[1] 冯本成 赵佳[2] 孙恬 文莉娟 LIU Dalong;FENG Bencheng;ZHAO Jia;SUN Tian;WEN Lijuan(School of Architecture,Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.,Xi′an 710055,China;School of Information and Control Engineering,Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.,Xi′an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,陕西西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学信息与控制工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《西安建筑科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期890-897,共8页Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划基金项目(2021SF-466,2021ZDLSF05-11);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51878536)。

摘　　要：为研究气候、材质对城市下垫面辐射热作用的影响,选取西安、汉中的4种城市下垫面(沥青、混凝土、铺面砖、草地)为研究对象,通过测量两地的下垫面长短波辐射强度、地表温度和热流等,以及气温、相对湿度等环境参数,总结了各自的变化规律.对比了4种下垫面辐射热对空气的热作用,并对比了西安、汉中两地热作用的差异.以下垫面地表温度为纽带,通过它的时间标准差、空间标准差及时空标准差,从多角度揭示了下垫面类型与气候类型造成的城市下垫面辐射热作用差异.研究发现:气候不同导致城市下垫面辐射对空气的热作用不同;草地热作用的气候性差异最显著;下垫面热流强度与短波辐射有较强的相关性;长波辐射与气温、相对湿度具有显著的相关性.下垫面材质的反射率与长短波辐射强度关系最密切,吸收率对短波辐射强度影响最显著.In order to study the influence of climate and materials on the radiant heat effect of urban underlying surfaces,four kinds of urban underlying surfaces(asphalt,concrete,paving brick and grassland)in Xi′an and Hanzhong were selected as the research objects.By measuring the long and short wave radiation intensity,surface temperature and heat flow of underlying surfaces,as well as the environmental parameters such as air temperature and relative humidity,their change laws were summarized.The thermal effects of four kinds of underlying surface radiant heat on air are compared,and the differences of thermal effects between Xi′an and Hanzhong are compared.The land surface temperature of the underlying surface is the link.Through its time standard deviation,space standard deviation and space-time standard deviation,the difference of urban underlying surface radiant heat caused by the underlying surface type and climate type is revealed from multiple angles.It is found that different climates lead to different thermal effects of urban underlying surface on air;The radiant heat effect of paving brick and asphalt is stronger than that of concrete and grassland,and the climatic difference of radiant heat effect is significant;There is a strong correlation between the heat flux intensity of the underlying surface and the short wave radiation;The long wave radiation has a significant correlation with air temperature and relative humidity.The physical properties of the underlying surface such as reflectivity,absorptivity,thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity have a strong impact on the long wave and short wave radiation intensity;This study can provide scientific basis for optimizing urban thermal environment design.

关 键 词：下垫面 地表温度 热作用 物理性质 

分 类 号：TU111[建筑科学—建筑理论]