以“虎”赋形背后的汇合与分叉——海子和布劳提根的死亡意识比较研究  

Merger and Divergence against the Background of the Image of Tiger:A Comparative Study on the Awareness of Mortality in Works of Haizi and Richard Brautigan

作　　者：黄潇 Huang Xiao

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院,上海200444

出　　处：《文史哲》2024年第1期154-164,168,共12页Literature,History,and Philosophy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“1980年以来诗歌中的中国形象研究”(21BZW139)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：死亡意识几乎笼罩了同在20世纪80年代自杀的海子与理查德·布劳提根的全部写作。鲜明的“虎”意象,是他们的死亡意识传达、演变的共有标识。以“虎”赋形的“死亡”书写均从最初的情欲表达工具,演变成对生命进程的操控手段,最后成为他们冲破旧有文学范式,以生命换取文学皇冠的献祭方式。同时,他们在驾驭“虎”意象时,均采取了“原始主义”的书写路径,但又在时间意识、表现形式、精神构造、共同体意识等方面展现出截然不同的价值取向。海子的“原始主义”以原始生态为书写对象,核心是展开对农业文明最后的整全式回望。布劳提根的“原始主义”不再追求对世界的整全性认识,而是对欧洲文学传统和本国文学传统有意采取“无知”的态度,转向语言与结构的创新,体现出在碎片化、民族化的时代背景下对诗意生成机制探索的推进。The awareness of mortality envelopes almost all the literary works of Haizi and Richard Brautigan,both of whom committed suicide in the 1980s.The vivid image of tiger shared by them is a mark of the awareness of mortality conveying by them and important evidence of its evolution in their works.The“mortal”writing implemented in the image of a tiger evolves from an initial tool for expressing emotions to a means of control over the process of life,and ultimately becomes a sacrificial way for them to break through the old literary paradigm and exchange life for the literary crown.At the same time,when applying the tiger image to their writing,both of them adopt a path of“primitivism”,yet this path concurrently demonstrates different value orientations in terms of time consciousness,expression forms,spiritual structure,and community consciousness.Haizi's“primitivism”uses the original natural environment as a writing object,its essence is to carry out the final comprehensive review of agricultural civilization.Brautigan's“primitivism”no longer pursues a holistic understanding of the world,but intentionally adopts an“ignorant”attitude towards European and American literary traditions,turns to innovation in language and structure,reflects the advancement of exploring the mechanisms of poetic creation in the context of fragmentation and imparting national features.

关 键 词：海子 布劳提根 死亡意识 原始主义 诗意生成机制 

分 类 号：I106-03[文学—世界文学]