日本应对中日海上争端的机制与措施  

Japan’s Mechanisms and Measures Dealing with China-Japan Maritime Disputes

作　　者：陈宇非 夏莉萍[2] CHEN Yufei;XIA Liping

机构地区：[1]外交学院 [2]外交学院外交学与外事管理系,北京100037

出　　处：《东北亚学刊》2024年第1期58-76,147,共20页Journal of Northeast Asia Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大课题“完善我国领事保护制度研究”(20&ZD206)。

摘　　要：日本注重危机管理,形成了一套综合性国家危机管理体制。海上危机管理不仅是日本国家安全保障的重点内容,也是其扩大海洋权益的重要抓手。海上争端是影响中日两国关系的重大问题,一旦越过红线有爆发危机甚至战争的可能性。受地区安全局势、日美同盟战略及自身发展利益的影响,日本针对中日海上争端设置了一系列假想事态和危机应对流程。研究日本应对中日海上争端的防卫动向与危机管理机制十分重要。Crisis is both a challenge and an opportunity.Japan attaches great importance to crisis management and has formed a comprehensive national crisis management system.Maritime crisis management is not only the key content of Japan’s national security,but also an important starting point to expand its maritime rights and interests.The maritime dispute is a major issue affecting the relations between China and Japan.It is difficult to reconcile the serious conflict of interests between the two countries,and once the red line is crossed,there is the possibility of crisis or even war.Affected by the regional security situation,the Japan-U.S.alliance strategy and its own development interests,Japan has set up a series of hypothetical situations and crisis response processes for the maritime disputes between China and Japan,forming mechanisms and measures to cope with the maritime disputes between China and Japan.Under the top-level command of the Prime Minister,the Cabinet and the National Security Council,the Coast Guard and the Maritime Self-Defense Force,as the frontline departments of Japan’s response to maritime crises,cooperate with maritime security measures closely related to the maritime disputes between China and Japan,such as“territorial sea guard”,“gray zone situation”and“islands defense”.Japan no longer simply regards the Sino-Japanese maritime dispute as a crisis affecting Japan’s security,but also regards it as an opportunity to strengthen its national security strategy and maritime strategy,taking the opportunity to play up Japan’s so-called“security threat”,breaking through constraints from the domestic system and international legal system,and expanding Japan’s strategic influence.It is very important to study Japan’s mechanism and measures of Japan to cope with the maritime disputes between China and Japan,and for China to set up a maritime crisis plan and strengthen countermeasures.

关 键 词：日本 危机管理 中日海上争端 离岛防卫 灰色地带事态 

分 类 号：D823[政治法律—政治学]