高产高糖强宿根性甘蔗新品种桂热2号的选育  

Breeding of A New Sugarcane Variety Guire 2 With High Yield,High Sugar and Good Ratooning Ability

作　　者：吕平 周全光 王友富 庞新华 黄强 朱鹏锦 农泽梅 谭秦亮 欧克纬 卢业飞 程琴 宋奇琦 李佳慧 LÜPing;ZHOU Quanguang;WANG Youfu;PANG Xinhua;HUANG Qiang;ZHU Pengjin;NONG Zemei;TAN Qinliang;OU Kewei;LU Yefei;CHENG Qin;SONG Qiqi;LI Jiahui(Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530001;Forestry and GrasslandResearch Institute of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture,Xichang,Sichuan 615000)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院广西亚热带作物研究所,南宁530001 [2]凉山彝族自治州林业草原科学研究院,四川西昌615000

出　　处：《中国糖料》2024年第1期23-32,共10页Sugar Crops of China

基　　金：广西科技重大专项项目(桂科AA22117002-6、桂科AA22117002-7);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项资助项目(桂农科2023YM10、桂农科2022JM93、桂农科2021YT151)资助。

摘　　要：【目的】针对当前甘蔗生产上需要解决的问题,开展选育高产、高糖、抗逆性强等综合性状优良的甘蔗新品种。【方法】以高糖、分蘖强、宿根性好的‘粤糖91-976’为母本,‘新台糖20号’为父本进行常规有性杂交,按照“五圃制”法进行选育,经过各级圃筛选、评比分析,选育出1个优良的甘蔗新品种‘桂热2号’。【结果】‘桂热2号’植株较高,中大茎种,出苗率较高,成茎率高,易脱叶,田间黑穗病自然发病率低,达到高抗水平,抗旱、耐寒能力强,可忍受较长时间干旱或低温天气,宿根性好,比较适合中小型机械化收获。在2015-2017年广西区域试验中3年(1年新植、2年宿根)平均蔗茎产量、蔗糖产量分别为116.14 t/hm^(2)、15.49 t/hm^(2),比对照‘新台糖22号’增产33.22%、增糖32.05%。【结论】该品种于2020年通过中华人民共和国农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记[登记编号:GPD甘蔗(2020)450040],适合在广西、四川等地推广种植。【Objective】In view of the problems that need to be solved in the current sugarcane production,new sugarcane varieties with high yield,high sugar content,good ratooning and other excellent comprehensive characteristics were developed.【Methods】Using‘Yuetang 91-976’with high sugar,strong tillering and good ratooning as female parent and‘Xintaitang 20’as male parent,the conventional hybridization was carried out.And seedlings were used in the“five-stage”breeding program.After screening,evaluation and analysis at all levels,a new sugarcane variety Guire 2 with excellent quality was selected.【Results】the plant of‘Guire 2’was relatively high,with medium and large stalk size,high emergence rate,high stalk formation rate,self-trashing,low natural incidence rate of smut in the field,reaching a high level of resistance,strong drought and cold tolerance,able to endure drought or cold weather for a long time,good ratooning,and more suitable for small and medium-sized mechanized harvesting.In the regional trial of Guangxi in 2015-2017,the average cane yield and sucrose yield in three years(one plant and two ratoon crops)were 116.14 t/hm^(2)and 15.49 t/hm^(2)respectively,33.22%and 32.05%higher than the control‘Xintaitang 22’.【Conclusion】This variety was registered by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the Peoples Republic of China as a non-major crop variety in 2020(registration number:GPD sugarcane(2020)450040),and is suitable for promotion and cultivation in Guangxi,Sichuan and other places.

关 键 词：甘蔗 桂热2号 新品种 选育 宿根性 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]