猪只健康与非洲猪瘟病毒感染的关系  

Relevance of Pig Health to Infection with African Swine Fever Virus

作　　者：戈胜强[1,2,3] 崔进 张慧 徐天刚[1,3] 尼博 沙洲[1,3] 魏荣 王志亮[1] Ge Shengqiang;Cui Jin;Zhang Hui;Xu Tiangang;Ni Bo;Sha Zhou;Wei Rong;Wang Zhiliang(China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China;Qingdao Key Laboratory of Modern Bioengineering and Animal Disease Research,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning,Prevention and Control(South China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛266032 [2]青岛市现代生物工程及动物疫病研究重点实验室,山东青岛266032 [3]农业农村部动物生物安全风险预警及防控重点实验室(南方),山东青岛266032

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2024年第1期46-51,共6页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1800500)。

摘　　要：非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)感染引起,2018年传入我国。ASFV流行毒株不断变异,加之缺少有效疫苗,给我国ASF防控带来极大挑战。免疫接种动物的基础健康程度或免疫力水平可显著影响疫苗的使用效果,基础健康程度或免疫力水平较差的猪只感染ASFV后,其感染进程更加剧烈,预后更差。而使用营养干预如饲喂喷雾干燥猪血浆,或增强免疫力措施如移植疣猪粪便微生物群,可在一定程度上提高猪群的ASFV抵抗水平,两者紧密联系。提升猪只健康水平,将是有效防控ASF的根本。本文针对猪只健康状况或免疫力水平影响ASF疫苗免疫和病毒感染的相关研究数据进行综述,以期为我国ASF疫苗研究及防控政策制定提供参考。African swine fever(ASF)is caused by infection with African swine fever virus(ASFV).SinceASFV entered China in 2018,its prevalent strains were continuously varying,but no effective vaccines had been available,posing a great challenge to the prevention and control of ASF in China.The effectiveness of vaccines might be greatly influenced by the level of general health and immunity of vaccinated animals.If pigs with poor status were infected with ASFV,their infection process would be more severe with poorer prognosis.The resistance level of pig population to ASFV could be improved to certain extent through nutritional interventions such as feeding with spray-dried pig plasma or transplanting microbiota within phacochoerus faeces and other measures to improve immunity.It would be a key to effectively prevent and control ASF through improving health status of pigs.In the paper,relevant research data on the impact of pig health or immune status on ASF vaccination and viral infection were reviewed,with a view to providing a reference for researches on ASF vaccines and for development of policies about ASF prevention and control in China.

关 键 词：非洲猪瘟 疫苗 健康水平 免疫状况 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]