艾司氯胺酮对儿童内镜下腺样体切除术后苏醒的影响  

The effect of esketamine on postoperative recovery in children after endoscopic adenoidectomy

作　　者：陈恺铮 谢亚明[2] 薛期能 沈霞 CHEN Kai-zheng;XIE Ya-ming;XUE Qi-neng;SHEN Xia(Department of Anesthesiology,Eye&ENT Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 200031,China;Department of Anesthesiology,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院麻醉科,上海200031 [2]上海交通大学附属上海市第六人民医院麻醉科,上海200233

出　　处：《复旦学报（医学版）》2024年第1期76-80,共5页Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences

摘　　要：目的观察艾司氯胺酮对儿童内镜下腺样体切除术后苏醒的影响。方法选取于2022年1月至2023年1月在复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院全身麻醉下行内镜下腺样体切除术的患儿60名。随机将患儿分为氢吗啡酮组(n=30)和艾司氯胺酮组(n=30)。麻醉诱导:经静脉注射利多卡因1.5 mg/kg、丙泊酚2.5 mg/kg和瑞芬太尼4μg/kg后行气管插管。麻醉维持:持续输注瑞芬太尼0.2~0.5μg·kg^(-1)·min^(-1),维持呼气末七氟醚浓度0.7~1.0最小肺泡浓度(minimum alveolar concentration,MAC)。手术结束后分别予以氢吗啡酮0.01 mg/kg或艾司氯胺酮0.5 mg/kg进行镇痛治疗。记录两组患儿术后自主呼吸恢复时间、呼吸频率、苏醒时间、血流动力学变化以及去氧合及躁动等不良反应。结果和氢吗啡酮组患儿相比,艾司氯胺酮组患儿恢复自主呼吸的时间短(P=0.048);自主呼吸恢复时的呼吸频率高(P=0.001);呼气末CO_(2)水平低(P=0.005),提示艾司氯胺酮不损害患儿的呼吸功能。艾司氯胺酮组患儿苏醒时间短于氢吗啡酮组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.020)。艾司氯胺酮不影响患儿的心率和血压,相关的不良反应少。结论与0.01 mg/kg氢吗啡酮相比,0.5 mg/kg艾司氯胺酮不影响呼吸功能,利于儿童全身麻醉下经内镜腺样体切除术后的快速苏醒。Objective To observe the effect of esketamine on postoperative recovery in children after endoscopic adenoidectomy.Methods Sixty pediatric patients who underwent adenoidectomy with endoscope from Jan 2022 to Jan 2023 in Eye&ENT Hospital,Fudan University were enrolled.The pediatric patients were randomly divided into hydro-morphine group(n=30)and esketamine group(n=30).Anesthesia induction:lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg,propofol 2.5 mg/kg and remifentanil 4μg/kg were injected intravenously,and then the endotracheal tube was used for airway management.Anesthesia maintenance:-1 remifentanil infusion was at 0.2-0.5μg·kg^(-1)·min^(-1)and the end tidal concentration of sevoflurane was at 0.7-1.0 minimum alveolar concentration(MAC).At the end of surgery,either hydromorphone 0.01 mg/kg or esketamine 0.5 mg/kg were administered for postoperative pain control.Time to resume spontaneous breathing was recorded.Other parameters included respiratory rate per minute,duration of stay in the post-anesthesia care unit,hemodynamic profiles.The adverse events including agitation and desaturation were also of note.Results Children in esketamine group resumed spontaneous breathing faster(P=0.048),had faster respiratory rate when recovery of spontaneous breathing(P=0.001)and lower concentration of end tidal CO_(2)(P=0.005).The findings suggested that esketamine did not impair respiratory function.Compared to hydro-morphine group,children in esketamine group had shorter stay in the post-anesthesia care unit with statistical difference(P=0.020).Esketamine had no effect on heart rate and blood pressure,so there were less adverse events.Conclusion Compared with 0.01 mg/kg hydro-morphine,0.5 mg/kg esketamine does not impair respiratory function and it facilitate fast recovery in children undergoing endoscopic adenoidectomy after general anesthesia.

关 键 词：腺样体切除 内镜 氯胺酮 术后苏醒 儿童 

分 类 号：R614.1[医药卫生—麻醉学]