知识产权比例协调政策与比例原则的区分  

On the Distinction Between the Judicial Policy of Proportionality and the Principle of Proportionality in Intellectual Property Rights

作　　者：杨雄文[1] 程晖 YANG Xiongwen;CHENG Hui(South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学法学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期112-123,共12页Journal of South China University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“知识产权利益平衡的主体问题研究”(19FFXB023)。

摘　　要：比例协调是近年来知识产权司法工作的基本政策,但理论界与实务界对其和比例原则的关系存在误读。在规范目的层面,比例协调政策与比例原则虽然都以规范权力行使、保护公民权利为目的,但前者旨在指导法院给予被侵权人适当地救济,后者却以公民权利可被侵犯为前提,希望实现对公权力行使的限制。在规范功能层面,比例协调政策可以指导法院确定知识产权权利边界以及填补被侵权人的财产损害,比例原则只能针对被损害的价值进行损益权衡。在价值基础层面,比例协调政策体现分配正义与利益平衡的价值取向,比例原则的价值本源却是保护公民的消极自由以及对行政行为进行利益衡量。在具体适用上,比例协调政策与比例原则在适用阶段与裁量空间上也存在较大差异。这表明比例协调政策不是比例原则在知识产权法中的类推,而是知识产权法的个性表达。Proportional coordination has been a fundamental policy of intellectual property judicial work in recent years,but there is a misinterpretation of its relationship with the principle of proportionality in both theoretical and practical circles.At the level of normative purpose,although both the proportional coordination policy and the principle of proportionality aim at regulating the exercise of power and protecting the rights of citizens,the former aims at guiding the court to grant appropriate relief to the infringed,while the latter aims at realizing the limitation of the exercise of public power under the premise that the rights of citizens may be infringed.At the level of normative function,the proportional coordination policy can guide the court to determine the boundaries of intellectual property rights as well as to fill the property damage of the infringer,while the principle of proportionality can only be weighed against the value of the damage.In the value basis level,the proportional coordination policy embodies the value orientation of distributive justice and balance of interests,while the value origin of the principle of proportionality is to protect the negative freedom of citizens and to measure the interests of administrative acts.In terms of specific application,there is also a big difference between the proportional coordination policy and the principle of proportionality in terms of the stage of application and the space of discretion.This shows that the proportional coordination policy is not an analogy of the principle of proportionality in intellectual property law,but an individual expression of intellectual property law.

关 键 词：比例协调 比例原则 知识产权 权利边界 利益平衡 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]