复杂地表障碍浅层缺口成像预判及快速验证技术  

Imaging prediction and rapid verification of shallow gap in complex surface obstacles

作　　者：石一青[1] 陈习峰[2] 胡国斌 朱峰[1] 冯晓强[1] 谈晓东 SHI Yiqing;CHEN Xifeng;HU Guobin;ZHU Feng;FENG Xiaoqiang;TAN Xiaodong(East China Branch of SINOPEC Geophysics Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210009,China;Geophysical Research Institute of Jiangsu Oilfield Company,SINOPEC,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化地球物理华东分公司,江苏南京210009 [2]中国石化江苏油田分公司物探研究院,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《复杂油气藏》2023年第4期400-404,共5页Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs

摘　　要：复杂地表障碍区域的采集缺口会造成地震资料近偏移距数据缺失,采集数据的均匀性下降,不仅影响缺口附近资料及中深目的层的信噪比,还会影响叠前偏移的成像质量。以往无论是观测系统设计时的模型正演还是现场资料处理,都无法实现缺口快速成像,难以在采集前对炮点设计进行有效指导和及时验证。为解决这一问题,借助三维水平层状模型,实现浅表层单炮记录模拟及基于实际切除参数的叠加,并针对不同地质需求设计不同尺寸障碍区,分析障碍区中心位置成像缺口、建立炮点设计原则;引入实际炮、检位置,应用叠前实际切除参数分析工区整体缺口成像质量,实现缺口采集效果的快速验证。TJB工区采集效果显示剖面浅层缺口模拟成像与实际采集资料的成像完全一致,保证了障碍区缺口符合地质设计要求,解决了在采集资料现场处理前难以及时判断效果的难题,也补齐了全节点采集的质量控制滞后的短板。The acquisition gap in the complex surface obstacle area will cause the loss of near-offset distance data of seismic data,and the homogeneity of the acquired data will be decreased,which will not only affect the signal-to-noise ratio of the data near the gaps and the medium-depth target layer but also affect the imaging quality of the pre-stack migration.In the past,both the forward modeling and the field data processing during the design of the observation system could not realize the rapid imaging of the gap,and it is difficult to effectively guide and timely verify the design of the shot point before acquisition.In order to solve this problem,with the help of the three-dimensional horizontal layered model,the simulation of shallow surface single shot record and the superposition of actual cutting parameters are realized.The different sizes of obstacle zones are designed according to different geological requirements,the imaging gap at the center of the obstacle area is analyzed,and the design principle of shooting point is established.The actual location of shot and detection is introduced,and the actual pre-stack excision parameters are used to analyze the overall notch imaging quality in the working area to realize the rapid verification of the notch acquisition effect.The acquisition effect of the TJB work area shows that the simulated imaging of the shallow gap in the profile is completely consistent with the imaging of actual collected data,which ensures that the gap in the obstacle area meets the geological design requirements,solves the problem of difficulty in judging the effect in time before the on-site processing of the collection data,and also makes up for the shortcomings of the quality control lag of the whole node acquisition.

关 键 词：浅层缺口 成像预判 质量控制 快速验证 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]