基于生态质量指数的湖北省县级尺度生态质量时空动态变化研究  

Study on spatio-temporal dynamic changes of ecological quality at county scale in Hubei Province based on ecological quality index

作　　者：代雨婷 刘海[1] 张媛 DAI Yu-ting;LIU Hai;ZHANG Yuan(Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China;Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Station of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学资源环境学院,湖北武汉430062 [2]湖北省生态环境监测中心站,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《环境生态学》2024年第1期53-65,共13页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42271318、41971402)资助。

摘　　要：生态质量是区域生态建设的重要组成部分,科学准确地评价生态质量对于保护环境、促进人类可持续发展至关重要。本研究根据《区域生态质量评价办法(试行)》,基于土地利用、遥感影像和环境统计数据等,以县区为评价单元,研究了2016—2020年湖北省生态质量的时空动态变化。结果表明:1)在整体尺度上,湖北省生态质量状况良好,均为“一类”;其中,2017年生态质量指数值为5年来最高值,2019年最低,整体上呈“N”形变化趋势。2)在县区尺度上,103个县区的生态质量等级主要为“一类”和“二类”,生态质量呈“中心低、四周高”的空间分布格局。3)生态格局指数和生态胁迫指数是影响湖北省生态质量的主要因素,两者均与生态质量指数呈显著强相关(p<0.05),相关性系数分别为0.8598和-0.8981。4)水源涵养功能区内生态质量指数和人为胁迫指数间相关系数为-0.2523,两者无显著相关性(p<0.05);城市区内生态质量指数与生态宜居指数间相关系数为0.3705,呈较弱的正相关(p<0.05);其他区域内生态质量指数与生态活力指数间关系极弱,相关系数为-0.1760。研究结果可为区域生态环境保护和管理提供科学参考。Ecological quality is an important part of regional ecological construction,evaluating ecological quality scientificly is essential for protecting the environment and promoting sustainable development of mankind.Based on the Measures for Regional Ecological Quality Assessment,this study researches the temporal and spatial dynamics of ecological quality in Hubei Province at county scale from 2016 to 2020 based on land use,remote sensing images and environmental statistics.The results showed that:1)On the overall scale,the ecological quality of Hubei Province was good,and belongs to“category one”.Among them,ecological quality index in 2017 was the highest value in 5 years,and the lowest value in 2019,showing an overall“N”shaped trend.2)At the county scale,the ecological quality grades of 103 counties and districts were mainly“category one”and“category two”,and the ecological quality showed a spatial distribution pattern of“low center and high surrounding area”.3)The ecological pattern index and ecological stress index were the main factors affecting the quality of the ecological environment in Hubei Province,and both were significantly and strongly correlated with the ecological quality index(p<0.05),and the correlation coefficients were 0.8598 and-0.8981,respectively.4)The correlation coefficient between the ecological quality index and the anthropogenic stress index in the water conservation function area was-0.2523,and there was no significant correlation between them(p<0.05);The correlation coefficient between ecological quality index and ecological livability index in urban areas was 0.3705,showing a weak positive correlation(p<0.05).The relationship between the ecological quality index and the ecological vitality index in other regions was very weak,and the correlation coefficient was-0.1760.The research results can provide scientific reference for regional ecological environmental protection and management.

关 键 词：湖北省 生态质量 遥感解译 生态质量指数 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]