航空发动机旋转盘腔测试温度补偿和压力修正方法研究  

Research on the methods of temperature compensation and pressure correction in aircraft engine rotor cavity measurement

作　　者：宋昕宜 邵靖 潘杰 刘高文[2] SONG Xinyi;SHAO Jing;PAN Jie;LIU Gaowen(AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co.,LTD,Shanghai 201100,China;School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710129,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司,上海201100 [2]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,陕西西安710129

出　　处：《计测技术》2023年第6期38-44,共7页Metrology & Measurement Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(2017-III-0011-0037)。

摘　　要：为了提高旋转盘腔温度和压力测试的准确性,开展温度补偿和压力修正方法研究。针对旋转盘腔温度测试时,滑环引电器普通导线无法产生电势差导致测温误差较大的问题,提出了温度补偿方法,将温差转换为电势差补偿到输出电势中,之后根据热电偶电势与温度的关系计算得到测量端真实温度;针对旋转盘腔旋转状态下,引压管中的空气柱产生管涌效应导致低半径处的传感器产生测量误差的问题,提出了压力修正方法,将管内空气柱进行分段,每段视作均温气体,推导得到压力修正公式。开展试验对所提出的温度补偿和压力修正方法的应用效果进行验证,结果表明:对热电偶测温结果进行补偿后,误差低于1%;对压力测量结果进行修正后,相对偏差不超过0.8%,且转速越高,压力修正效果越明显。修正后的温度和压力精度满足航空发动机旋转盘腔实际测量需求,证明了所提出方法的准确性,为航空发动机转子的寿命评估提供了重要技术支撑。Temperature compensation and pressure correction methods are presented to improve the measurement accuracy of pressure and temperature in the rotor cavity.Aimed at the problem of large temperature measurement error caused by no electromotive force produced in the ordinary wires of the slip ring during rotor experiment,the temperature compensation method is used to add the electromotive force calculated from the temperature difference into the output electromotive force.Then,the true temperature of the measurement point can be calculated according to the relationship of the thermocouple between electromotive force and temperature.Aimed at the problem of the measurement error of the sensor installed in the low radius location caused by the piping effect of the air column in the tube in the rotating state of rotor cavity,the pressure correction method is presented.The air column in the tube is divided into several sections and the temperature of each section is regarded as constant.Then the correction formula is deduced.Experiments have been conducted to verify the application effects of the proposed temperature compensation and pressure correction methods.The results show that the measurement error after the compensation of temperature measured by the thermocouple is less than 1%and the measurement error of pressure after correction is less than 0.8%,and the correction effect of pressure is more obvious under high rotation speed.The corrected temperature and pressure accuracy meet the actual measurement requirements of aero⁃engine rotor cavity,providing important technical support for the life assessment of the rotor of aeroengines.

关 键 词：旋转盘 测试 温度补偿 压力 修正方法 

分 类 号：TB93[一般工业技术—计量学] TB94[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器] V263.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]