生物源和新烟碱类杀虫剂对湘北棉区棉叶蝉的毒力测定及田间防效  

Toxicity and field control efficacy of bioinsecticides and neonicotinoid insecticides against Amrasca biguttula(Hemiptera:Cicadellidae)in North Hunan cotton area

作　　者：刘冰蕾 郭莉莉 汪建武[2] 赵瑞元[1] 丁世勇 杨彬 龙熙平 李彩红[1] LIU Bing-Lei;GUO Li-Li;WANG Jian-Wu;ZHAO Rui-Yuan;DING Shi-Yong;YANG Bin;LONG Xi-Ping;LI Cai-Hong(Hunan Institute of Cotton Science,Changde 415000,China;Hunan Research Institute for Development,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省棉花科学研究所,常德415000 [2]湖南大学湖南发展研究院,长沙410082 [3]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2023年第12期1667-1674,共8页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：湖南省科技创新计划(2023NK2015);常德市科技创新专项经费(常科函(2022)51号);湖南棉花科技创新专项(湘财建指【2023】98号)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在明确生物源和新烟碱类杀虫剂对棉叶蝉Amrasca biguttula若虫的毒力水平和田间药效,为棉叶蝉科学防治提供依据。【方法】以浸叶法在室内测定了3种生物源杀虫剂(藜芦胺、阿维菌素、苦参碱)和5种新烟碱类杀虫剂(烯啶虫胺、氯噻啉、呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和啶虫脒)处理24 h时对湘北棉区棉叶蝉3龄若虫的致死中浓度(median lethal concentration,LC_(50))值。基于各杀虫剂推荐使用剂量,以人工喷雾法在棉叶蝉发生盛期于2021年8月湖南桃源县棉田对0.5%藜芦胺可溶液剂(soluble concentrate,SL)(5.625 g a.i./hm^(2))、5%阿维菌素乳油(emulsifiable concentrate,EC)(10.5 g a.i./hm^(2))、2%苦参碱水剂(aqueous solution,AS)(10.5 g a.i./hm^(2))、10%烯啶虫胺AS(30 g a.i./hm^(2))、40%氯噻啉水分散粒剂(water dispersible granule,WG)(30 g a.i./hm^(2))、20%呋虫胺悬浮剂(suspension concentrate,SC)(75 g a.i./hm^(2))、30%噻虫嗪SC(33.75 g a.i./hm^(2))和5%啶虫脒EC(18 g a.i./hm^(2))进行棉叶蝉田间防效评价。【结果】室内毒力测定结果表明:处理后24 h时,8种杀虫剂对棉叶蝉3龄若虫的毒力从大到小依次为0.5%藜芦胺SL>5%阿维菌素EC>10%烯啶虫胺AS>40%氯噻啉WG>20%呋虫胺SC>2%苦参碱AS>30%噻虫嗪SC>5%啶虫脒EC,且生物源杀虫剂0.5%藜芦胺AS与5%阿维菌素EC对棉叶蝉3龄若虫的LC_(50)值分别为1.79和4.00 mg/L,其毒力均高于供试的5种新烟碱类杀虫剂。田间药效试验结果表明,0.5%藜芦胺SL对棉叶蝉的田间防效最佳,施药1 d后校正防效为91.36%,显著高于其他杀虫剂;药后7和14 d时的校正防效分别为86.14%和80.09%,仅次于20%呋虫胺SC的92.02%和86.99%,与10%烯啶虫胺AS和40%氯噻啉WG的无显著差异,但显著高于其他杀虫剂的。【结论】本研究结果表明藜芦胺和烯啶虫胺对湘北棉区棉叶蝉种群兼具较好的室内杀虫活性与田间防效。为了减少杀虫剂的不合理使用,促进化学农药与生物源农药的协【Aim】To ascertain the toxicity levels and field control efficacy of bioinsecticides and neonicotinoid insecticides against Amrasca biguttula nymphs,so as to provide a scientific basis for its control.【Methods】The median lethal concentration(LC_(50))values of three bioinsecticides(veratramine,avermectin and matrine),and five neonicotinoid insecticides(nitenpyram,imidaclothiz,dinotefuran,thiamethoxam and acetamiprid)against the 3rd instar nymphs of A.biguttula in North Hunan cotton area were determined at 24 h after treatment using leaf-dipping method in laboratory.Based on the recommended field application rate of each insecticide,the field control efficacy of 0.5%veratramine soluble concentrate(SL)(5.625 g a.i./hm^(2)),5%avermectin emulsifiable concentrate(EC)(10.5 g a.i./hm^(2)),2%matrine aqueous solution(AS)(10.5 g a.i./hm^(2)),10%nitenpyram AS(30 g a.i./hm^(2)),40%imidaclothiz water dispersible granule(WG)(30 g a.i./hm^(2)),20%dinotefuran suspension concentrate(SC)(75 g a.i./hm^(2)),30%thiamethoxam SC(33.75 g a.i./hm^(2))and 5%acetamiprid EC(18 g a.i./hm^(2))against A.biguttula was evaluated by using artificial spraying in Taoyuan County,Hunan during the occurrence peak of A.biguttula in August,2021.【Results】The laboratory toxicity assessment result revealed that at 24 h after treatment,the toxicity of the eight insecticides to A.biguttula nymphs was ranked in a descending order as follows:0.5%veratramine SL>5%avermectin ES>10%nitenpyram AS>40%imidaclothiz WG>20%dinotefuran SC>2%matrine AS>30%thiamethoxam SC>5%acetamiprid EC.The bioinsecticides 0.5%veratramine SC and 5%avermectin EC had the LC_(50) values of 1.79 and 4.00 mg/L against the 3rd instar nymphs of A.biguttula,respectively,exhibiting higher toxicity than the five tested neonicotinoid insecticides.Field control efficacy experiment results showed that 0.5%veratramine SL had the best field control efficacy against A.biguttula,with the corrected control efficacy of 91.36%at 1 d after application,significanly higher than that of the other ins

关 键 词：棉叶蝉 生物源杀虫剂 新烟碱类杀虫剂 室内毒力 田间药效 

分 类 号：Q965.9[生物学—昆虫学]