3种寄主植物对白刺夜蛾生长发育、繁殖和寿命的影响  

Effects of three host plants on the growth,development,reproduction and longevity of Leiometopon simyrides(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

作　　者：胡桂馨[1] 勾文山 马维新 孔建宏 唐玲 孙尧德 HU Guixin;GOU Wenshan;MA Weixin;KONG Jianhong;TANG Ling;SUN Yaode(Pratacultural College,Gansu Agricultural University,Engineering and Technology Research Center for Alpine Rodent Pest Control,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Lanzhou 730070,China;Minqin County Grassland Workstation of Wuwei City,Gansu Province,Wuwei 733399,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,国家林业和草原局高寒草地鼠害防控工程技术研究中心,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省武威市民勤县草原工作站,武威733399

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第1期110-115,136,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960350);民勤县荒漠草原主要害虫调查与监测试点项目(XZ20200610)。

摘　　要：白刺夜蛾Leiometopon simyrides是荒漠植物白刺的重要害虫,为明确寄主植物对白刺夜蛾生长发育的影响,以便对其进行科学监测和防控,本研究在27℃下,利用3种寄主植物(大果白刺、泡泡刺、唐古特白刺)饲养白刺夜蛾,观察记录白刺夜蛾幼虫的取食量、各阶段的发育历期、存活率、羽化率、雌雄性比和成虫寿命等生物学特性,同时测定各寄主植物叶片的营养和次生代谢物质含量。结果表明,白刺夜蛾幼虫取食大果白刺叶片的总量最少,取食唐古特白刺的量最多。取食唐古特白刺的白刺夜蛾幼虫发育历期最短,其次为取食泡泡刺,取食大果白刺时历期最长。取食泡泡刺和唐古特白刺后,白刺夜蛾幼虫的存活率和羽化率较高,取食大果白刺存活率最低,且无成虫羽化。在唐古特白刺上,白刺夜蛾雌虫占比较高,成虫寿命较长。大果白刺的叶片总酚含量和简单酚含量最高,各营养物质含量最低,不利于白刺夜蛾的生长发育;唐古特白刺和泡泡刺酚类物质含量较低,营养物质含量较高,较适宜白刺夜蛾的生长发育和繁殖。唐古特白刺为白刺夜蛾的最适宜寄主植物,其次为泡泡刺。Leiometopon simyrides is an important leaf-feeding pest insect of Nitraria spp.To explore the influence of host plants on the growth and development of L.simyrides and provide a foundation for monitoring and controlling this pest,Nitraria roborowskii,N.sphaerocarpa and N.tangutorum were used to raise L.simyrides at constant temperature 27℃,and the biological characteristics of L.simyrides,such as the developmental duration,survival rate at various developmental stages,emergence rate,sex ratio and longevity of adult were observed and recorded.At the same time,the contents of nutrient and secondary metabolites in the leaves of three host plants were measured.The results showed that the total leaf consumption was the least when L.simyrides fed with N.roborowskii,and the most on N.tangutorum.The developmental duration of L.simyrides was the shortest when fed with N.tangutorum,followed by those fed with N.sphaerocarpa,and the developmental duration was the longest when fed with N.roborowskii.The survival rate of larvae and emergence rate of L.simyrides were higher when fed with N.sphaerocarpa and N.tangutorum.The survival rate of larvae was the lowest without adult emergence when fed with N.roborowskii.The female adult proportion of L.simyrides was the highest when larvae were fed with N.tangutorum,while the adult longevity was the longest.The contents of total phenol and simple phenol in N.roborowskii leaves were the highest,and the lowest in N.tangutorum.The content of nutrients in N.roborowskii leaves was the lowest,but higher in N.tangutorum and N.sphaerocarpa.N.tangutorum and N.sphaerocarpa were suitable for the growth,development and reproduction of L.simyrides.N.tangutorum was the optimum plant for L.simyrides,followed by N.sphaerocarpa.

关 键 词：白刺 白刺夜蛾 生长发育 取食量 营养物质 次生代谢物质 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]