高温胁迫对禾谷镰孢生长和致病力的影响  

The effect of heat stress on the growth and aggressiveness of Fusarium graminearum isolates

作　　者：徐庆 王奥霖 聂晓 刘伟[2] 张昊[2] 曹世勤 范洁茹[2] 周益林[2] XU Qing;WANG Aolin;NIE Xiao;LIU Wei;ZHANG Hao;CAO Shiqin;FAN Jieru;ZHOU Yilin(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors(Plant Origin)for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety,Beijing 100193,China;Wheat Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,兰州730070 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室,农产品质量安全生物性危害因子(植物源)控制重点实验室,北京100193 [3]甘肃省农业科学院小麦研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第1期129-136,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1400100)。

摘　　要：为探究高温胁迫对禾谷镰孢生长和致病力的影响,本研究测定了禾谷镰孢5株耐高温菌株和4株温度敏感型菌株在25℃和30℃下的菌丝生长速率、产孢量、孢子萌发率以及不同胁迫压力下的生长速率、致病力和DON毒素含量等。结果表明,不论耐高温菌株还是温度敏感型菌株,30℃高温对其菌丝生长均有抑制作用,但对产孢量和孢子萌发有促进作用;30℃高温能减轻NaCl和CaCl2胁迫对禾谷镰孢生长的抑制,但是不影响KCl、刚果红,SDS和H2O2对病原菌的抑制作用;在30℃下,大部分耐高温菌株的致病力不变或降低,而大部分温度敏感型菌株的致病力反而增加,30℃对大部分菌株的DON毒素产量有一定促进作用。研究结果可为研究气候变化下小麦赤霉病的流行和预测提供理论基础。In order to explore the effect of heat stress on the growth and aggressiveness of Fusarium graminearum,we measured the mycelia growth,sporulation,spore germination,osmotic stress,aggressiveness and DON production of five heat-tolerant isolates and four heat-sensitive isolates at 25℃and 30℃.The results showed that the mycelial growth was inhibited but the sporulation and spore germination were promoted at 30℃for both heat-tolerant and-sensitive isolates.The high temperature(30℃)treatment reduced the inhibition caused by NaCl and CaCl 2 osmotic stress to the growth of F.graminearum isolates,but showed no effect on the inhibition caused by KCl,Congo Red,SDS and H 2O 2 stress.Furthermore,the aggressiveness remained unchanged or decreased at 30℃in most heat-tolerant isolates,while increased in most heat-sensitive isolates,and high temperature(30℃)had a certain promoting effect on the production of DON toxins in most isolates.This study provides a theoretical basis for the prevalence and forecasting of Fusarium head blight under climate change.

关 键 词：禾谷镰孢 高温胁迫 渗透胁迫 致病力 DON 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]