土壤熏蒸剂棉隆联合太阳能消毒防治草莓土传病害效果及经济效益分析  

Efficacy and economics evaluation of soil fumigant dazomet combined with solarization on strawberry soil-borne diseases

作　　者：王晴 李林[2] 朱文达[2] 方文生[1] 王秋霞[1] 李园[1] 曹坳程[1] 颜冬冬[1] WANG Qing;LI Lin;ZHU Wenda;FANG Wensheng;WANG Qiuxia;LI Yuan;CAO Aocheng;YAN Dongdong(Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Soil and Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430060,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [2]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,武汉430060

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第1期339-346,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32172462)。

摘　　要：太阳能消毒技术在世界范围内广泛使用,由于其经常受到气候差异的影响导致效果不稳定,通常与其他措施结合以加强防治效果。种植前采用土壤熏蒸是土传病害的有效预防策略,本研究通过监测土壤温度、理化性质、土传病原菌、草莓植株长势、产量和分析经济效益,评价了不同浓度的土壤熏蒸剂棉隆和太阳能消毒联合处理对草莓土传病害的防治效果及经济效益分析。种植前棉隆熏蒸和太阳能消毒处理不仅能很好地控制土传病害,其对镰刀菌属、疫霉属的抑制率分别为64.41%~84.75%、51.59%~86.94%,而且显著提高了草莓的产量,增产率为79.9%~99.4%;联合处理的成本较单独太阳能消毒处理仅增加约3.29%~13.17%,但净收入增长率高达49.77%~66.28%。因此,在草莓土传病害管理中,土壤熏蒸与太阳能消毒处理相结合,可以降低作物感染土传病害的风险,保证作物稳定高产。Soil solarization technology is widely used worldwide,and because it is frequently impacted by climatic variances,it is frequently combined with other techniques to maximize control effect.Soil fumigation is an effective prevention and control strategy for soil-borne diseases.In our research,combinations of soil fumigant dazomet at different concentrations and solarization treatments were evaluated by monitoring soil temperature,physical and chemical properties,soil pathogens population,strawberry growth,yield,and estimation of economic benefits.Dazomet fumigation and solarization not only reduced the population of soilborne pathogens,with the inhibition rates of 64.41%-84.75%and 51.59%-86.94%against Fusarium and Phytophthora,respectively,but also increased the yield of strawberry with the rate of 79.9%-99.4%.The cost of combined treatment only increased by about 3.29%-13.17%,but the rate of net revenue increase reached up to 49.77%-66.28%.Therefore,in the management of soil-borne diseases,the combination of soil fumigation and solarization can reduce the risk of crops infected by soil-borne diseases and ensure high and stable crop yields.

关 键 词：土壤熏蒸 太阳能消毒 棉隆 防治效果 经济效益 

分 类 号：S471[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]