“妖道”与“高道”——南宋传记文中的林灵素形象  

Magician and Master:Taoist Lin Lingsu in the Biographies of Southern Song Dynasty

作　　者：李珂菁 LI Kejing

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国语言文学系

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期50-66,共17页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：北宋徽宗朝道士林灵素在历史上是个颇具争议的人物。在他死后,一些以林灵素为传主、掺杂历史真实与神异叙事的传记文开始出现。最早的应是耿延禧的《林灵素传》,这篇传记较为全面地展现了林灵素的本来面貌,即兼具高道与妖道的双重身份。此后的南宋林灵素传记大多参照前传的具体框架,但因为不同的宗教和政治立场,这些传记塑造出的林灵素在一定程度上偏离了史实,削弱了人物本身的复杂性。一方面,僧人释祖琇和文人陆游、杨仲良等通过删去有关林灵素的神异叙事,将其描述成一个毫无法术、引诱君主的妖道;另一方面,道教的信奉者赵鼎则在仙传《林灵蘁》中极力神化传主林灵素,着重强调林灵素与生俱来的仙人身份和高尚品行。Lin Lingsu,a Taoist of Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty,was a controversial figure in the history.After his death,some biography of Lin Lingsu,replete with historical truth and mysterious narrative,began to appear.The earliest biography should be Lin Lingsu Zhuan written by Geng Yanxi.This biography showed the original appearance of Lin Lingsu more comprehensively,namely,the dual identity of both Magician and Master.Since then,most biographies of Lin Lingsu in the Southern Song Dynasty had been influenced by Lin Lingsu Zhuan's basic structure.However,due to the different religious beliefs and political standpoints,biographies of Lin Lingsu had to some extent been contrary to the historical truth and weakened the hero's complexity.On the one hand,the monk Shi Zuxiu and the literati Lu You,Yang Zhongliang,through deleting the mysterious narrative about Lin Lingsu,described him as a Magician luring the emperor.On the other hand,as a Taoist devotee,Zhao Ding tried to deify Master Lin Lingsu and emphasize his immortal identity and noble conduct in the Taoist immortal biography Lin Lingwu.

关 键 词：传记文 林灵素 《林灵素传》 《林灵蘁》 历史真实 神异叙事 妖道 高道 

分 类 号：K245[历史地理—历史学] I207.5[历史地理—中国史]