南方水稻黑条矮缩病抗病遗传资源与分子机理研究进展  

Advances in Genetic Resources and Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Southern Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus Disease

作　　者：陈建松 周炼 张师睿 杨武 秦碧霞[3] 赵均良[1] CHEN Jiansong;ZHOU Lian;ZHANG Shirui;YANG Wu;QIN Bixia;ZHAO Junliang(Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology for Rice Breeding/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory,Guangzhou 510640,China;College of Agriculture and Biology,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China;Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所/广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室/广东省水稻工程实验室,广东广州510640 [2]仲恺农业工程学院农业与生物学院,广东广州510225 [3]广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2023年第12期43-51,共9页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究粤桂联合基金重点项目(2020B1515420003);广东省现代农业科技创新联盟建设共性关键技术创新团队项目(2023KJ106);广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金种业振兴项目(2022-NJS-00-004,2022-NPY-00-005);广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室项目(2023B1212060042)。

摘　　要：南方水稻黑条矮缩病(Souther rice black-streaked dwarf virus disease,SRBSDVD)是依靠白背飞虱(Sogatella furcifera)为传播介体,由南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒(Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus,SRBSDV)侵染引起的一种水稻病毒病。该病害于2001年在我国华南地区首次被发现,随后发生面积不断扩大,危害逐年加重,已成为近年来危害中国南方稻区水稻生产的重要病害之一。白背飞虱迁飞性强、种群数量大、传毒持久等特点,导致化学农药防虫治病效果并不理想,至今还未有可持续和绿色控制SRBSDVD的手段。根据病原病毒的爆发性及其传播介体白背飞虱的生物学特性,预计该病害在未来较长的一段时期内将是我国最严重的水稻病害之一,很有可能再次暴发流行。因此,当前生产上急需培育出能够抵御SRBSDVD的抗性水稻品种。本文综述了SRBSDVD的发病规律、抗病种质资源的收集与评估、抗病基因或数量性状位点(QTL)的精确定位,以及这些抗性基因的分子作用机制,进一步探讨了利用现代分子生物学技术,包括分子标记辅助选择、基因沉默(RNAi)和基因编辑等技术加快SRBSDVD抗病品种的选育,可为今后有效控制SRBSDVD提供基础。Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus disease(SRBSDVD),which is transmitted by the Sogatella furcifera and caused by the infection of southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus(SRBSDV).The disease was first discovered in southern China in 2001 and has since spread,causing increasing damage to rice production in southern China.And it has been one of the main diseases damaging rice production in southern China.Due to the strong migratory ability,large population and persistent transmission of the white-backed planthopper,chemical pesticides have proven to be ineffective in pest and disease control.So far,there is no sustainable and environmentally friendly means to control this disease.Based on the outbreak of the pathogenic virus and the biological characteristics of its vector,the white-backed planthopper,it is expected that the disease will be one of the most serious rice diseases in China for a long period of time in the future,and there is a high likelihood of outbreak of epidemics.Therefore,there is an urgent need to breed resistant rice varieties that can withstand SRBSDVD.In this review,we summarize the pathogenicity of SRBSDVD,collection and evaluation of resistant germplasm resources,the precise positioning of resistance genes/QTLs,and the molecular mechanisms of resistance genes.In addition,the study further explores the use of modern molecular biological techniques,including molecular marker-assisted selection,gene silencing(RNAi)and gene editing,to accelerate the selection and breeding of disease-resistant varieties of SRBSDVD,which will provide a basis for effective control of SRBSDVD in the future.

关 键 词：南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒 白背飞虱 水稻病毒病害 抗性基因 抗病育种 

分 类 号：S332.2[农业科学—作物遗传育种]