探究金属材料力学性能测试中存在的不确定度  

Exploring the Uncertainty in Testing the Mechanical Properties of Metal Materials

作　　者：侯飞[1] HOU Fei(Shanxi Datong University,Datong 037009,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大同大学,山西大同037009

出　　处：《世界有色金属》2023年第20期211-213,共3页World Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：大同市科技局项目-建筑信息模型(BIM)技术及集成应用(607-02030404)。

摘　　要：本次详细介绍了金属材料力学性能测试的常见方法和过程。然后,通过对现有文献和实验数据的综合分析,识别和总结了测试过程中可能产生的不确定度来源。在实验设备方面,参数校准、设备误差和测量装置不准确性被确定为可能的不确定度来源。在样本准备方面,样品尺寸、取样位置和制备方法被认为是对测试结果影响较大的因素。在试验条件方面,环境温度、湿度和试验速度等因素也可能导致测试结果不确定。为了减小这些不确定度,本文提出了一系列的方案和建议。例如,通过定期校准和维护设备,减小设备误差;采用统一的样品准备方法,确保取样的一致性;控制试验条件,减少环境因素对测试结果的影响。最后,通过数据图表分析的方法,对不同不确定度来源的影响程度进行定量分析。结果表明,设备误差和样品尺寸对测试结果的影响较大,应予以重视。金属材料力学性能测试中存在的不确定度是一个复杂的问题,需要综合考虑多个因素。通过认识并减小这些不确定度,可以提高金属材料力学性能测试的准确性和可靠性。This article provides a detailed introduction to common methods and processes for testing the mechanical properties of metal materials.Then,through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature and experimental data,potential sources of uncertainty that may arise during the testing process were identified and summarized.In terms of experimental equipment,parameter calibration,equipment errors,and measurement device inaccuracies have been identified as possible sources of uncertainty.In terms of sample preparation,sample size,sampling location,and preparation method are considered to have a significant impact on the test results.In terms of test conditions,factors such as environmental temperature,humidity,and test speed may also lead to uncertainty in test results.To reduce these uncertainties,this article proposes a series of solutions and suggestions.For example,reducing equipment errors through regular calibration and maintenance of equipment;Adopting a unified sample preparation method to ensure consistency in sampling;Control the experimental conditions and reduce the impact of environmental factors on the test results.Finally,quantitative analysis was conducted on the impact of different sources of uncertainty through data chart analysis.The results indicate that equipment errors and sample size have a significant impact on the test results and should be taken seriously.The uncertainty in the testing of mechanical properties of metal materials is a complex problem that requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors.By recognizing and reducing these uncertainties,the accuracy and reliability of metal material mechanical performance testing can be improved.

关 键 词：不确定度 力学性能测试 金属材料 数据分析 

分 类 号：TG115.5[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]