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作 者:姬彦雪 甘小虎 黄雯 魏猷刚 阎庆九 徐明喜 JI Yanxue;GAN Xiaohu;HUANG Wen;WEI Yougang;YAN Qingjiu;XU Mingxi(Nanjing Institute of Vegetable Science,Nanjing 210042,China)
出 处:《蔬菜》2024年第2期45-48,共4页Vegetables
基 金:江苏省现代农业(西甜瓜)产业技术体系工厂化育苗创新团队(JATS[2023]003)。
摘 要:为培育西瓜壮苗,减少水肥资源浪费,开展了在嫁接成活期控制不同基质含水量(95%~100%、70%~75%)和育苗期使用不同水溶肥包括磷酸二氢钾和氮磷钾平衡肥(15-15-15+TE)的水肥精量控制试验,比较分析了嫁接苗的成活情况、生长指标和壮苗指数。结果表明:冬春季在玻璃温室内培育西瓜嫁接苗,嫁接后7 d内以基质最大含水量保持在95%~100%,施用磷酸二氢钾肥水溶肥1000倍液4次(在砧木现1片真叶时、嫁接苗接穗现1片真叶时、接穗1叶1心时和接穗2叶1心时分别灌根1次)为宜,可提高嫁接成活率(95%),降低病苗率(5%),且壮苗指数(165.59)显著高于其他3个处理,有利于培育西瓜壮苗。In order to cultivate strong watermelon seedlings and reduce the waste of water and fertilizer resources,the precision control experiments of water and fertilizer were carried out by control the different water content of substrates(95%-100%,70%-75%)and use different water-soluble fertilizers including potassium dihydrogen phosphate and balanced fertilizer of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium(15-15-15+TE)on the grafted seedlings of watermelon.The survival condition,growth indexes and strong seedling index of grafted seedlings were compared and analyzed.The results showed that when the grafted seedlings of watermelon were cultivated in winter and spring of greenhouse,it was suitable for keeping the maximum water content of the substrate at 95%-100%within seven days after grafting,and appropriate to apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate water-soluble fertilizer 1000 times solution four times(at the rootstock with one true leaf,the grafted seedling with one true leaf,the scion with one-leaf and one-heart,and the scion with two-leaf and one-heart,respectively).The survival rate of grafted seedling was increased(95%),the rate of diseased seedlings was decreased(5%),and the strong seedling index was 165.59,which was significantly higher than the other three treatments and was beneficial to the cultivation of strong watermelon seedlings.
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