调和汽油的GC-MS检验与区分  

Examination and Classifi cation of Blended Gasolines by GC-MS

作　　者：张冠男 刘占芳 孙振文 周正 李光耀 李亚军 邓显贺 乔婷 朱军 ZHANG Guannan;LIU Zhanfang;SUN Zhenwen;ZHOU Zheng;LI Guangyao;LI Yajun;DENG Xianhe;QIAO Ting;ZHU Jun(Institute of Forensic Science,Ministry of Public Security,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]公安部鉴定中心,北京100038

出　　处：《刑事技术》2024年第1期38-42,共5页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0803804);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2021JB010)。

摘　　要：调和汽油在涉火案件中出现的频率逐渐增加,其特殊的组成可能对成分研判造成干扰。为准确识别汽油组分,区分不同来源的调和汽油,本文依托气相色谱–质谱(GC-MS)检验了部分典型调和油品,分析了相关样品的谱图特征并进行归类。结果表明,案件中常见的调和油品按照谱图主要特点可划分为添加剂异常、异构烷烃异常、直链烷烃异常和多组分异常四类。其中前两类对汽油及其残留物鉴定基本不构成干扰,而直链烷烃异常类油品可能引起误判,多组分异常类油品则不宜轻易下汽油结论。该研究结果对特殊调和汽油及其残留物的检验鉴定有一定的指导意义,对于涉火案件中汽油的比对分析和来源推断具有实战应用价值。Some special components in blended gasoline may create difficulties for the identification of accelerants in arson cases.On the other hand,the special components and abnormal proportions could be used as classifi cation basis.Research on the difference between blended gasolines and commercially available gasolines is helpful for the identifi cation of accelerant,and can also provide reference for the investigation of gasoline sources in fi re-related cases.In order to accurately identify gasoline components and distinguish blended gasoline from different sources,some typical blended samples were tested by gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and the chromatogram characteristics such as TIC,aromatics and alkanes were also analyzed.Experimental results show that most blended gasolines in daily cases can be divided into four categories:gasoline with unusual antiknock compound,gasoline with unusual isoparaffin,gasoline with unusual normal paraffi n and gasoline with unusual multicomponent.The fi rst two categories do not interfere with the identifi cation of gasoline and its residue,while gasoline with unusual normal paraffi n may cause misjudgment,and the one with unusual multicomponent should not be easily classifi ed as gasoline.The results of this study have certain guiding signifi cance for the examination and identifi cation of blended gasoline and its residue,and have practical application value for the comparative analysis and tracing the source of gasolines.

关 键 词：微量物证 气相色谱–质谱 汽油 涉火案件 残留物 

分 类 号：DF795.1[医药卫生—法医学]