应用法医微生物学推断死亡时间研究进展  

Research Progress of Forensic Microbiology in Postmortem Interval Estimation in Different Environments

作　　者：赵广众 梁宇 董春楠 ZHAO Guangzhong;LIANG Yu;DONG Chunnan(College of Forensic Medicine,Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050017,China;Department of Pathogen Biology,Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050017,China)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学法医学院,河北省重点实验室,石家庄050017 [2]河北医科大学病原生物学教研室,石家庄050017

出　　处：《刑事技术》2024年第1期80-84,共5页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(81701865);河北省自然科学基金项目(H2020206107)。

摘　　要：死亡时间推断一直是法医学领域的重点和难点问题。研究发现尸体微生物群落演替规律与死亡时间之间呈现高度相关,其可为死亡时间推断提供新方法。近年来,国内外学者利用法医微生物学理论与方法对存在于不同环境中的尸体死亡时间推断进行了大量研究,丰富了死亡时间推断方法,提高了死亡时间推断的准确性。本文就暴露、埋藏和水中三种环境下尸体菌群演替规律的异同进展作简要综述,以期探讨不同环境下利用法医微生物学推断死亡时间的研究现状、所面临的问题及应用前景。Estimation of postmortem interval has been a challenge in thefield of forensic medicine.With the advancements in sequencing technology and microbiomics research,it has been discovered that there exists a strong correlation between the evolution pattern of microbial community and the postmortem interval in cadavers,providing a new methodology for and research on estimation of postmortem interval.In recent years,domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a lot of researches on the estimating postmortem interval in different environments(such as exposed,buried or in water)using forensic microbiology methods,and researchers have found that the microbial community patterns on cadavers have different characteristics in different environments.By combining the microbial community succession data and machine learning methods,models based on microbial community succession information have been constructed to estimate postmortem interval.These models improved the accuracy of postmortem interval estimation compared with previous methods.This paper summarized the similarities and differences in the patterns of microbial community succession of corpses in exposed,buried,and in water-immersion environments,and discussed the potential application of forensic microbiology to estimation of postmortem interval in forensic medicine.

关 键 词：法医微生物 死亡时间推断 高通量测序 机器学习 

分 类 号：DF795.1[医药卫生—法医学]