水解-氧化法制备甘蔗叶生物质腐植酸  

Preparation of humic acid from sugarcane leaf biomass using a hydrolysis-oxidation method

作　　者：马欣宏 王磊[2] 刘金磊[2] 陈海珊[2] 李典鹏[2] 海洪[1] MA Xinhong;WANG Lei;LIU Jinlei;CHEN Haishan;LI Dianpeng;HAI Hong(College of Chemistry and Bioengineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China;Guangxi Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Guilin 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学化学与生物工程学院,广西桂林541006 [2]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2024年第1期174-182,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22117013);桂林市创新平台和人才计划(20210102-3);广西植物研究所基本业务费支持项目(桂植业22009)。

摘　　要：本研究以甘蔗叶为原料,通过设计模拟矿源腐植酸形成过程中的化学反应,研究将甘蔗叶转化为腐植酸的技术,并将实验室制得的腐植酸与矿源腐植酸和木质素进行比较研究。制备过程:首先进行酸水解反应,将其中的纤维素和半纤维素水解为可溶解的水解糖,将木质素转化为不溶的腐植酸前体,固液分离;然后用氧化剂对腐植酸前体进行氧化反应,重新生成亲水性的羧基基团,完成腐植酸的制备。实验结果表明,水解反应步骤时,在固定20∶50(g∶mL)固液比的条件下,最佳的反应条件为:10%的硫酸和1%的硝酸组成的水解液,在150℃的温度下,水解3 h;氧化步骤中,腐植酸前体以1∶13(g∶mL)的固液比与3.5%的硝酸在80℃的温度下反应2 h。经元素分析、酸性基团分析、紫外和红外光谱以及核磁共振波谱等一系列分析手段,证实制备的蔗叶生物质腐植酸有较高的腐殖化和芳香化程度,其各项指标均接近于矿源腐植酸。该方法能成功制备腐植酸,同时利用产生的水解糖还具备与多种现有生物质产业相结合的潜在可能,以解决其水解残渣的问题。Humic acid was prepared from sugarcane leaves by simulating the chemical reactions used to form mineral derived humic acid.A study of the comparative efficacy of humic acid preparation from mineral substrates and lignin was performed.Acid hydrolysis,in which cellulose and hemicellulose were hydrolyzed into soluble sugars and lignin was converted into an insoluble humic acid precursor was conducted first,followed by solid-liquid separation.An oxidant was then used to oxidize the humic acid precursor,and the hydrophilic carboxyl group was regenerated to complete the preparation of humic acid.Based on our results,when the solid-liquid ratio was fixed at 20∶50(g∶mL)during hydrolysis,the best reaction conditions were:150℃for 3 h,10%sulfuric acid,and 1%nitric acid.The best oxidation step reaction conditions were:humic acid precursor reacted with 3.5%nitric acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1∶13(g∶mL)for 2 h at 80℃.A series of analytical methods including elemental analysis,acid group analysis,UV,IR,and NMR confirmed that the humic acid prepared from sugarcane leaf exhibited a high degree of humification and aromatization,and its various indicators were close to those of mineral source humic acid.This method can successfully prepare humic acid,and utilizing the generated hydrolyzed sugars also has potential within various existing biomass industries to solve the problem of hydrolyzed residues.

关 键 词：腐植酸 甘蔗叶 秸秆 有机肥 制备 表征 

分 类 号：S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]