黑龙江省肥料减施增效技术应用现状及展望  

Application Status and Prospect on Technology of Reducing Fertilizer Use and Increasing Use Efficiency in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：郝小雨 马星竹 周宝库 孙磊 匡恩俊 郑雨 赵月 常本超 HAO Xiaoyu;MA Xingzhu;ZHOU Baoku;SUN Lei;Kuang Enjun;ZHENG Yu;ZHAO Yue;CHANG Benchao(Heilongjiang Academy of Black Soil Conservation and Utilization/Laboratory of Black Soil Protection and Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas/Heilongjiang Joint Laboratory of Soil Microbial Ecology,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省黑土保护利用研究院/农业农村部黑土地保护与利用重点实验室/黑龙江省土壤微生物生态联合实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2024年第2期100-104,共5页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：智慧施肥项目(05);科技基础资源调查专项(2021-FY100404-1);国家大豆产业技术体系(CARS-04)。

摘　　要：黑龙江省农业生产中存在轻简化智能施肥技术缺乏、高效智能化施肥机械装备不足、缺少绿色环保增效肥料、有机替代技术推广困难、秸秆肥料化利用率低等问题。针对这些问题,黑龙江省开展了化肥减量增效行动计划,取得了积极成效。本文从化肥减施、肥料增效、秸秆还田、有机肥还田、生物炭施用、科学轮作、机械施肥等方面总结了黑龙江省肥料减施增效技术实施情况,概述黑龙江省肥料减施增效相关举措,并从强化政府部门统筹管理职能、强化科技支撑、加强宣传引导等方面提出肥料减施增效研究展望及建议。There were some problems in agricultural production in Heilongjiang Province,such as lack of light and simplified intelligent fertilization technology,lack of efficient and intelligent fertilization machinery and equipment,lack of green and environmentally friendly fertilizer,difficult promotion of organic alternative technology,and low utilization rate of straw fertilizer.This paper summarized the implementation of fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement technology in Heilongjiang Province from the aspects of fertilizer reduction,fertilizer efficiency improvement,straw returning,organic fertilizer returning,biochar application,scientific crop rotation and mechanical fertilization,and summarized the relevant measures of fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement in Heilongjiang Province.The research prospects and suggestions on fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement were put forward from the aspects of strengthening the overall management function of government departments,strengthening scientific and technological support,and strengthening publicity and guidance.

关 键 词：化肥 减施增效 高效施肥技术 黑龙江省 黑土 

分 类 号：S147[农业科学—肥料学]