高尔夫球场草坪除草剂药害的预防  

Prevention of Turf Injury Caused by Hebicide on Golf Course

作　　者：金海波 薛光[2] JIN Hai-bo;XUE Guang(Shanghai Sheshan International Golf Club,Shanghai 201602,China;Plant Protection Institute,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]上海佘山国际高尔夫俱乐部管理有限公司,上海201602 [2]江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《杂草学报》2023年第3期8-13,共6页Journal of Weed Science

摘　　要：基于1997—2022年在高尔夫球场草坪养护的实践,对百慕大、海滨雀稗等多种发生过除草剂药害的草坪进行调查,结合相关文献记载,在明确高尔夫草坪药害症状及成因基础上,参照国际锦标赛要求“草坪色泽协调、养护线清晰、平顺密实、果岭坪表光滑、球速适中”的标准,确定除草剂导致的高尔夫球场草坪株高均匀受抑不属于药害。在此基础上,介绍了高尔夫球场草坪除草剂药害预防途径:依除草剂作用特性、处理方式、药害类型、草坪和杂草种类选准除草剂品种,是预防草坪药害的前提;及时精准投放除草剂,包括在杂草出苗高峰期喷药、2次稀释配药、校准喷头液量、活性炭区间隔离、避开劣境喷施等,是预防草坪药害的关键;全方位精细管养草坪,包括喷前低修剪、喷后保湿润、择机松基质、适当控肥水等,是预防草坪药害的保障。建议进一步研究除草剂对高尔夫草坪药害的利用及除草剂解毒剂的开发。Based on the experience of turf maintenance from 1997 to 2022,we observed turf injury of Cynodon dactylon×C.transvaavlensis,Paspalum vaginatum and other turf in golf courses,combined with literature to realize the possible causes,and refered to IMG Golf Course Standards“the turf must be color harmonies,truth,dense,consistent turf condition,smooth level surface and the line of definition between the fairways and the rough is sharp”.It would not be thought as injury if the turf height uniformly inhibited by herbicides,which not fit crops field.On the basis,the prevention ways of turf injury on golf course were introduced.Premise of avoiding turf injury was choosing a proper herbicide according to the action characteristic of herbicide,ways of apply,type of injury,turf cultivar and weed species.The key was timely and accurate placement which include keeping the herbicides all covered the target and stop error,2 times dilution dispensing,calibrating nozzle liquid volume,activating carbon interval isolation and avoiding bad climate.The safeguard was all-round fine maintenance of turf including low pruning before spraying,keeping wet after spraying,selecting loose matrix for spraying equipment,and controlling fertilizer and water.It was suggested to try the“tiny injury”accepted on golf turf and to develop the herbicide antidote.

关 键 词：高尔夫球场 草坪 除草剂 药害 预防 

分 类 号：S451.24[农业科学—植物保护]