基于最优供需分配法的社区公园空间可达性分析——以苏州市姑苏区为例  

Spatial Accessibility Analysis of Community Parks Based on Optimal Supply-demand Accessibility Method:A Case Study of Gusu District,Suzhou City

作　　者：刘志强[1] 非凡 洪亘伟[1] 余慧[1] LIU Zhiqiang;FEI Fan;HONG Genwei;YU Hui(College of Architecture and Urban Planning,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou,Jiangsu,China,215011)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学建筑与城市规划学院,苏州215011

出　　处：《园林》2024年第2期55-61,共7页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于空间计量分析的中国市域建成区绿地率空间分异的格局、演变及其机理研究”(编号:51778389)。

摘　　要：“城市更新”背景下,社区公园空间可达性研究有助于优化社区公园供需匹配状况,推进高品质社区生活圈建设。针对传统空间可达性测度方法对供需关系识别不够精准的问题,引入最优供需分配法(OSD),以苏州市姑苏区为实证区域,探究社区公园与居民的最优服务配置,根据配置结果确定各居住区居民获取服务所需时间、社区公园服务覆盖率。(1)OSD通过对服务供给与需求的最优分配,能客观呈现社区公园供需匹配的实际情况,对于服务盲区的识别更为精准,所得可达性指标的物理意义明确。(2)最优供需分配结果显示,姑苏区社区公园空间可达性水平整体较低,可达性空间分布较为均衡,高值集中在中南部,低值则在中部片状聚集。(3)空间可达性低值区域,可针对性通过增设社区公园、微绿地、垂直绿化等方式增加服务供给,并完善路网结构,优化可达性水平。研究结果可为社区公园布局规划或调整提供科学依据,为公园绿地可达性研究提供借鉴。Under the background of“urban renewal”,the research on the accessibility of community park space is of great signifi cance for optimizing the supply and demand matching of community parks and promoting the construction of high-quality community living circles.In view of the shortcomings of the traditional spatial accessibility measurement method in identifying the supply and demand relationship is not accurate enough,optimal supply-demand accessibility method is introduced.Taking Gusu District of Su-zhou City as the empirical area,the optimal service confi guration of community parks and residents is explored.According to the confi guration results,the time required for residents in each residential area to obtain services and the coverage rate of community park services are determined.(1)OSD can objectively present the actual situation of supply and demand matching in community parks by optimizing the allocation of service supply and demand.It is more accurate in identifying service blind spots and the physical meaning of the obtained accessibility indicators is clear.(2)The optimal supply and demand allocation results show that the overall accessibility level of community parks in Gusu District is relatively low,and the spatial distribution of accessibility is relatively balanced.High values are concentrated in the central and southern regions,while low values are clustered in the central region.(3)In areas with low spatial accessibility,targeted measures such as adding community parks,micro green spaces and vertical greening can be taken to increase service supply,and improve road network structure,to optimize accessibility levels.The research results provided scientifi c basis for the layout planning or adjustment of community parks,and provided reference for the study of park green space accessibility.

关 键 词：社区公园 空间可达性 最优供需分配法 苏州市姑苏区 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]