泵驱动的制冷剂相变冷板冷却系统实验研究  

Experimental Study on Pump-driven Refrigerant Two-phase Cold-plate Cooling System

作　　者：王泽嵩 刘金平[1,2,3] 周易 朱文杰 陈建勋 刘凯 Wang Zesong;Liu Jinping;Zhou Yi;Zhu Wenjie;Chen Jianxun;Liu Kai(School of Electric Power Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou,510641,China;Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Energy Utilization,Guangzhou,510641,China;State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science,Guangzhou,510641,China;Shanghai Highly Electrical Appliances Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai,201206,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学电力学院,广州510641 [2]广东省能源高效清洁利用重点实验室,广州510641 [3]亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室,广州510641 [4]上海海立电器有限公司,上海201206

出　　处：《制冷学报》2024年第1期36-45,共10页Journal of Refrigeration

摘　　要：元器件的小型化和性能的提升使电子器件功率不断提高,优越的散热性能对于保证电子器件的可靠性具有重要意义。本文搭建了泵驱动的制冷剂相变冷板冷却实验系统,设计加工了4块不同材质(铜、铝)和流道高度(10、15 mm)的相变冷板,对散热功率为200~1000 W、热流密度为4.4~22.2 W/cm^(2)的集中热源在制冷能力为3~11 kW和不同热源位置时的冷板换热性能、阻力特性及泵功耗进行了研究。结果表明:相变冷板换热性能优越,在应对散热量为1 kW、热流密度为22.2 W/cm^(2)的集中热源时,传热系数最高可达26 kW/(m^(2)·℃),在系统总阻力小于20 kPa、制冷剂泵功耗小于20 W时可以实现模拟热源表面与制冷剂温差小于15℃,可以利用天然冷源进行散热,实现节能;相变冷板的换热特性可由翅片效率计算式和Kandlikar传热关联式进行描述,使用理论公式计算出的冷板温差与实际值偏差小于1℃,可以指导冷板流道设计。The miniaturization and performance improvement of components continuously increase the power of electronic devices.Superior heat-dissipation performance is important for the reliability of electronic devices.In this study,an experimental pump-driven refrigerant two-phase cold-plate-cooling system was developed.Four two-phase cold plates with different materials(Cu and Al)and channel heights(10 mm and 15 mm)were designed and processed.The heat-transfer performance of the cold plates,together with their flow resistance characteristics,pump power under different heat fluxes(4.4-22.2 W/cm^(2)),refrigerant cooling capacities(3-11 kW),and heat source positions were studied.The results indicated that the heat-transfer performance of the two-phase cold plate was superior.The maximum heat transfer coefficient was 26 kW/(m^(2)·℃)when dealing with a concentrated heat source with a heat dissipation of 1000 W and a heat flux of 22.2 W/cm^(2).The temperature difference between the heat source surface and the refrigerant was less than 15℃when the total pressure drop of the system was less than 20 kPa and the power consumption of the refrigerant pump was less than 20 W.A natural cold source can be used for heat dissipation to achieve energy savings.The heat transfer characteristics of the two-phase cold plate can be described by the fin efficiency correlation and the Kandlikar heat transfer correlation.The deviation between the temperature difference calculated by the theoretical formula and the measured value was less than 1℃.The results of this study can guide the design of cold-plate channels.

关 键 词：泵驱动 高热流密度 相变冷却 冷板 传热特性 R134A 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TB654TB657.5