太阳辐射作用下不同活动水平的室内人体传热特性及热舒适研究  

Examining Heat Transfer Characteristics and Thermal Comfort of the IndoorHuman Body at Different Activity Levels Under Solar Radiation Conditions

作　　者：刘国丹[1] 乔美杰 纪铱行 胡松涛[1] 梁树维 赵一舟 王甫来[2] 丁肇翔 Liu Guodan;Qiao Meijie;Ji Yihang;Hu Songtao;Liang Shuwei;Zhao Yizhou;Wang Fulai;Ding Zhaoxiang(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao,266520,China;Qingdao International Airport Group,Qingdao,266317,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,青岛266520 [2]青岛国际机场集团有限公司,青岛266317

出　　处：《制冷学报》2024年第1期70-78,共9页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51978349)资助项目。

摘　　要：太阳辐射是影响室内空调负荷的重要因素,当阳光直射人体时,影响人体与周围环境热交换,进而影响热感觉,人体处于热中性的环境温度的变化关乎空调系统能耗和人体热舒适。本研究在人工气候室进行冬季实验,利用太阳辐射模拟装置控制太阳辐射强度,受试者穿着典型服装,分别进行静坐与两种步速(3.2、5 km/h)活动,测试生理参数并进行热感觉问卷调查,分析太阳辐射与活动水平共同作用下,人体与周围环境间的传热特性,研究热舒适区偏移规律。结果表明:有太阳辐射时,随着活动强度增加,蒸发传热量占比增加,对流传热与辐射传热占比减小,热舒适区向下偏移,冬季人体维持舒适状态所需的环境温度降低。为该条件下空调室内设计参数的设定提供一定参考,使空调系统更节能。Solar radiation is a significant factor affecting indoor air-conditioning loads.When sunlight directly reaches the human body,it impacts the heat exchange between the body and the surrounding environment,consequently affecting thermal sensation.The change in temperature of an environment in which a body is in thermal neutrality is related to the energy consumption of the air-conditioning system and human thermal comfort.In this study,a winter experiment was conducted in an artificial climate chamber using a solar radiation simulation device to control the intensity of the solar radiation.The subjects wore typical clothing and performed sitting and walking tasks(at speeds of 3.2 km/h and 5 km/h).Physiological parameters and thermal sensation questionnaires were analyzed to determine the heat exchange characteristics between the bodies and the surrounding environment under the combined effects of solar radiation and different activity levels.Further more,the displacement law of the thermal comfort zone was examined.The results showed that,compared with the case of solar radiation,as the activity level increased,the proportion of evaporation heat exchange increased,the proportions of convective heat exchange and radiant heat exchange decreased,the thermal comfort zone shifted downward,and the environmental temperature required to maintain a comfortable state in winter decreased.This study provides a reference for design parameters to improve the efficiency of air-conditioning systems.

关 键 词：太阳辐射 活动水平 传热特性 热舒适区 热感觉 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理] TU119.5[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]