球后阻滞操作应用的专家共识  

Expert consensus on the application of retrobulbar block

作　　者：球后阻滞操作应用中国共识专家组 甘小亮[2] 王古岩 李文献[4] 李晓峰 黑子清[6] 

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]中山大学中山眼科中心眼病防治全国重点实验室 [3]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院 [4]复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院[5]厦门大学附属厦门眼科中心 [6]中山大学附属第三医院

出　　处：《眼科学报》2023年第9期595-600,共6页Eye Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81571884)~~。

摘　　要：球后阻滞是将局部麻醉药注入眼球后方的肌锥内,通过阻断鼻睫神经、动眼神经和睫状神经节,达到镇痛,限制眼球运动和降低眼内压的作用。现代球后阻滞技术是内眼手术眼球制动与麻醉的“金标准”,也是最常用的眼部区域阻滞方式。虽然与该技术相关的并发症少见,但可危害视力甚至危及生命。本专家共识介绍了球后阻滞的应用范围,系统描述了支配眼球运动与感觉的神经解剖、球后阻滞的安全性、操作方法、常用药物、禁忌证和并发症的处理等,为此技术的临床应用提供指导。Retrobulbar block refers to the injection of local anesthetics into the muscle cone behind the eyeball,blocking the ciliary,oculomotor,and ciliary ganglion nerves,to provide pain relief,restrict eye movement,and reduce intraocular pressure.Modern retrobulbar block is the"gold standard"for eyeball immobilization and anesthesia in intraocular surgeries,and it is the one of the most commonly used methods for ocular regional block.Although the complications related to this method are rare,the complications will threaten the vision and even life.This expert consensus introduces the application scope of retrobulbar block,and systematically describes functional neuroanatomy of eye sensation and movements,safety and procedures of retrobulbar block,local anesthetics,contraindications and complications of the block,which can provide the reference for clinical application of this method.

关 键 词：球后阻滞 局部麻醉剂 区域麻醉 内眼手术 专家共识 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]