KOH添加方式对煤基活性泡沫炭电化学性能的影响  

Effect of KOH addition on electrochemical properties of coal-based active carbon foams

作　　者：周慧敏 杨暖暖 符海朝 王美君[1,2] 申岩峰 刘冬 王建成[1,2] 常丽萍 ZHOU Huimin;YANG Nuannuan;FU Haichao;WANG Meijun;SHEN Yanfeng;LIU Dong;WANG Jiancheng;CHANG Liping(State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Shanxi Danyuan Carbon Holdings Co.,Ltd.,Jinzhong 030900,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学省部共建煤基能源清洁高效利用国家重点实验室,山西太原030024 [2]太原理工大学化学工程与技术学院,山西太原030024 [3]山西省丹源碳素股份有限公司,山西晋中030900

出　　处：《燃料化学学报（中英文）》2024年第2期249-265,共17页Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology

基　　金：晋中市科技重点研发计划(Y201002)资助。

摘　　要：以强黏性炼焦煤为原料,经常压自发泡法制得的煤基泡沫炭(NCF)为碳基底,KOH为活化剂,采用机械混合、水溶液浸渍、乙醇浸渍三种不同的方式制备煤基活性泡沫炭(HPCs),并将其用作双电层电容器的电极材料,研究了KOH添加方式对其微观结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明,KOH分散度和附着性对煤基活性泡沫炭孔隙结构的生成、晶体结构、表面化学性质以及电化学性能有显著影响。煤基泡沫炭本身具有三维连通泡孔结构,有利于活化剂(KOH)深入材料的泡孔内部并为其提供大量附着位点,增大活化剂与碳基体的接触面积进而发生高效的活化。KOH水溶液的流动性较好,可以使K+更有效地穿插在NCF的泡孔结构中,在活化过程中作用于缺陷部位,在碳基体内部基质上产生更多的微孔以及介孔结构,有效地放大了活化效果。KOH水溶液浸渍泡沫炭材料制得的ACF-W样品拥有最高的比表面积(3098.35 m^(2)/g)、总孔体积(1.68 cm^(3)/g)、介孔体积比(59.13%),将其用作电极材料表现出优异的比电容(310 F/g)以及循环稳定性。Using strong-caking coking coal as raw material,coal-based carbon foam(NCF)was prepared by constant pressing and self-foaming method and used as carbon base to produce coal-based active carbon foamed(HPCs)together with KOH activator,which was used as electrode material for double-layer capacitor.The effects of KOH added by mechanical mixing,aqueous solution impregnation and ethanol solution impregnation methods on microstructure and electrochemical properties of the prepared materials were studied.The results show that formation of pore structure,crystal structure,surface chemistry and electrochemical performance of HPCs are significantly affected by KOH dispersion and adhesion.The NCF itself has a three-dimensional connected bubble pore structure,which is conducive to the activator(KOH)penetrating into the bubble pore and providing a large number of attachment sites,thus increasing the contact area between the activator and the carbon matrix and resulting in efficient activation.The good fluidity of KOH solution can make K+more effectively interspersed in the bubble structure of NCF,act on the defect site during activation,and generate more micropores and mesoporous structures on the internal matrix of carbon matrix,effectively amplifying the activation effect.ACF-W obtained by KOH aqueous impregnation has the highest specific surface area(3098.35 m^(2)/g),total pore volume(1.68 cm^(3)/g),mesoporous volume ratio(59.13%).It shows excellent specific capacitance(310 F/g)and cycle stability when used as electrode material.

关 键 词：煤基泡沫炭 KOH添加方式 双电层电容器 电化学性能 

分 类 号：TQ536[化学工程—煤化学工程]