不同饲养条件下籽鹅肠道菌群差异研究  

The Difference of Intestinal Microflora in Goose Under Different Feeding Conditions

作　　者：吕明哲 邹跃 马志刚 杨昊天 黄宇翔 王志强 董佳强 张红 李鑫 杨坤 魏念冬 陈志峰 霍明东 LU Mingzhe;ZOU Yue;MA Zhigang;YANG Haotian;HUANG Yuxiang;WANG Zhiqiang;DONG Jiaqiang;ZHANG Hong;LI Xin;YANG Kun;WEI Niandong;CHEN Zhifeng;HUO Mingdong(Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihaer,Heilongjiang 161000)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000

出　　处：《中国家禽》2024年第2期68-75,共8页China Poultry

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-42-34)。

摘　　要：试验旨在通过16S rDNA测序方法分析草原放养籽鹅、网上平养的舍饲籽鹅和普通舍饲籽鹅之间的肠道菌群差异。试验选择草地放养籽鹅(Grass组)、网上平养籽鹅(Exper_A组)和普通舍饲籽饲(Bran组)各24只,每组4个重复,每个重复6只。试验期为20 d,80~90日龄时,对籽鹅进行捕杀取其空回肠和盲肠内容物进行16S rDNA检测。结果显示:(1)三组共获得分类单元ASV 75 311个,共鉴定出19个门,33个纲,877个目,857个科,1 174个属,444个种;(2)Chaol、Simpson、Pielou-e、Observed-species、Faith-pd、Goods-coverage指数均大于0.05,各组肠道之间菌群差异不显著(P>0.05);(3)在门级别上,厚壁菌为三组门级别主要优势菌群,Barn组高于Grass组,Grass组高于Exper_A组;(4)在属级别菌群组中,拟杆菌属被确定为主要的肠道菌群,且Barn组相对丰度高于Exper_A组,Exper_A组相对丰度高于Grass组;(5)在属级别上,Grass组优势菌群有拟杆菌、链球菌、假单胞菌、罗氏菌、乳酸菌。Exper_A组优势菌群有拟杆菌、链球菌、假单胞菌、罗氏菌、螺旋体、棒状杆菌。Barn组优势菌群有拟杆菌、链球菌、罗氏菌;(6)在三个试验组之间,共获得36种差异微生物。Grass组有9个菌种,Exper_A有25个菌种,Barn组有2个菌种。结果表明:在每个肠道属级别菌群组中,拟杆菌属被确定为主要的肠道菌群,且普通舍饲籽鹅组相对丰度高于网上平养的舍饲籽鹅组,网上平养的舍饲籽鹅组相对丰度高于草原放养籽鹅组。在网上平养的舍饲鹅组中,门纲科属级别的螺旋体相对丰度高其他两组,可能是食用杂草所致。籽鹅在不同的摄食条件下可以在一定程度上影响肠道菌群的结构。This experiment was conducted to compare the difference of intestinal microflora among the grassland free-range Seed goose,the net-level house-feeding Seed goose and the common house-feeding Seed goose by 16S rDNA sequencing.There are 24 geese in free-range group(Grass group),and online free-range group(Exper_A group),the common house-fed group(Barn group)respectively.The test lasted for 20 days.At the age of 80 to 90 days,the contents of jejunum,ileum and caecum of seed goose were harvested for 16S rDNA detection.The results showed that:①A total of 75311 taxa were obtained from the three groups,and 19 phyla,33 classes,877 orders,857 families,1174 genera and 444 species were identified;②The indexes of Cha-ol,Simpson,Pielou-e,Observed-species,Faith-pd,Goods-coverage were all great than 0.05,and there were no significant differ-ence among the intestinal flora;③In the phylum level,Firmicutes were the dominant group in three groups,Barn group was high-er than Grass group,Grass group was higher than Exper_A Group;④Bacteroidetes was identified as the major intestinal flora in genus-level groups,and the relative abundance of Barn group was higher than that of Exper_A group,and that of Exper_A group was higher than that of Grass group;⑤At the genus level,the dominant flora of Grass group were Bacteroides,Streptococcus,Pseu-domonas,Roseus,Lactobacillus.The dominant bacteria in Exper_A group were Bacteroides,Streptococcus,Pseudomonas,Roseae,Spirochete and Corynebacterium.The dominant bacteria in Barn group were Bacteroidetes,Streptococcus and Roseae;⑥A total of 36 different microorganisms were obtained in the three groups.There were 9 species in Grass group,25 species in Exper_A and 2 species in Barn group.The results indicated that bacteroides was identified as the main intestinal flora in every intestinal flora,and the relative abundance of common house-fed geese was higher than that of house-fed geese,the relative abundance of house-feeding goose group was higher than that of grassland-feeding goose group.Th

关 键 词：籽鹅 肠道微生物 菌群差异 

分 类 号：S831.4[农业科学—畜牧学]