感赤星病与健康烟叶在腈菌唑应用后的叶际微生态  

Phyllosphere microecology of brown spot and healthy tobacco leaves after application of myclobutanil

作　　者：张艺 王丰 蔡刘体 汪汉成 熊晶 陈兴江 ZHANG Yi;WANG Feng;CAI Liuti;WANG Hancheng;XIONG Jing;CHEN Xingjiang(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,Guiyang 550081,China;Bijie Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province,Bijie 551700,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省烟草科学研究院,贵州贵阳550081 [3]贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2024年第1期156-167,共12页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：贵州省“百层次”创新型人才(黔科合平台人才-GCC[2022]028-1);国家自然科学基金(31960550,32160522);贵州省科技基金项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]重点036);中国烟草总公司科技项目[110202001035(LS-04),110202101048(LS-08)]。

摘　　要：为了解腈菌唑在防控赤星病时,烟叶叶际微生物菌群结构与代谢功能的差异,采用Illumina高通量测序技术分析了感病与健康烟叶真菌和细菌的菌群结构与多样性特征,采用Biolog-ECO技术分析其代谢功能。结果表明,药前感病烟叶与健康烟叶叶际真菌有链格孢属、谷菌根菌属、Boeremia、枝孢霉属等,其中链格孢属为优势菌属;叶际细菌有科萨克氏菌属、泛菌属、甲基杆菌属等,其中科萨克氏菌属为优势菌属;感病烟叶链格孢属和科萨克氏菌属相对丰度均高于健康烟叶。每667 m~2采用15%腈菌唑微乳剂60 mL处理5、10、15 d时,感病烟叶叶际真菌链格孢属和枝孢霉属相对丰度均降低,附球菌属和亚隔孢壳属相对丰度均先降低后增加;健康烟叶叶际真菌链格孢属、Symmetrospora、亚隔孢壳属的相对丰度均下降。感病烟叶叶际细菌科萨克氏菌属相对丰度在施药5 d时降低,10 d和15 d时增加,假单胞菌属与之相反;健康烟叶叶际细菌泛菌属、假单胞菌属相对丰度在施药5 d和10 d时降低,15 d时增加。感病烟叶叶际微生物代谢活性弱于健康烟叶,叶际微生物对除α-丁酮酸、L-苏氨酸和4-羟基苯甲酸外的碳源代谢均较强。腈菌唑应用后,感病与健康烟叶叶际微生物的代谢活性均下降,其代谢活性均随施药时间的延长而逐渐恢复。研究结果揭示了腈菌唑施用不同时期感病与健康烟叶组织叶际微生态变化差异,为腈菌唑防控烟草赤星病的科学应用提供了参考依据。To understand the differences in the structure and metabolic functions of the phyllosphere microorganisms of tobacco leaves in the control of brown spot by myclobutanil,Illumina high-throughput sequencing and Biolog-ECO technology was conducted to investigate the structure and diversity of phyllospheric microorganisms community and their metabolic function.The results showed that the phyllosphere fungi of the diseased and healthy tobacco leaves included Alternaria,Archaeorhizomyces,Boeremia,Cladosporium,etc.,of which Alternaria was the dominant genus;the bacteria were Kosakonia,Pantoea and Methylobacterium.Among them,Kosakonia is the dominant genus,and the relative abundance of the Alternaria and Kosakonia was higher in diseased tobacco leaves than in healthy tobacco leaves.The relative abundance of Alternaria and Cladosporium decreased,while the relative abundance of Epicoccum and Didymella decreased and then increased when treated with 60 mL 15% myclobutanil microemulsion per 667 m~2 for 5,10 and 15 d;the relative abundance of phyllosphere fungi in healthy tobacco leaves decreased in the genera Alternaria,Symmetrospora,and Didymella.The relative abundance of phyllosphere Kosakonia in diseased tobacco leaves decreased at 5 d of application and increased at 10 and 15 d,while the opposite was true for Pseudomonas.The relative abundance of Pantoea and Pseudomonas decreased at 5 and 10 d and increased at 15 d.The phyllospheric microorganism metabolic activity of brown spot-infected leaves was lower than that of healthy tobacco leaves.The metabolism of carbon sources other than α-butyric acid,L-threonine and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid by phyllosphere microorganisms was strong.The metabolic activity of phyllosphere microorganisms in diseased and healthy tobacco leaves were reduced after myclobutanil treatment,and the metabolic activity of phyllospheric microorganisms gradually recovered with the increasing of application time.The results of the study revealed the differences in phyllosphere microecological changes between

关 键 词：烟草赤星病 腈菌唑 叶际微生态 链格孢属 代谢功能 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]