玉米秸秆留高茬免耕对黑土农田大型土壤动物群落的影响  

Influence of no tillage with high stubble on macrofauna community of black soil

作　　者：马丙增 蒋云峰 严婷 刘俊男 MA Bingzeng;JIANG Yunfeng;YAN Ting;LIU Junnan(College of Geographic Science and Tourism,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,吉林四平136000

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2024年第1期187-195,共9页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41401283)。

摘　　要：为阐明玉米秸秆留高茬免耕对黑土农田大型土壤动物群落的影响,在吉林省梨树县保护性耕作研发基地,对常规耕作(CT)、免耕(NT)和秸秆留高茬免耕(SS)处理样地分3个季节开展大型土壤动物群落调查。结果显示,获得的土壤动物隶属2门4纲14目。在各处理中,线蚓科(Enchytraeidae)为优势类群,鞘翅目(Coleoptera)、地蜈蚣目(Geophilomorpha)、双翅目幼虫(Diptera larvae)和蚁科(Formicidae)多为常见类群。春季,NT处理的土壤动物密度显著(P<0.05)高于CT,是CT的3.8倍;夏季,SS处理的土壤动物密度显著高于CT,是CT的2.8倍;秋季,NT与SS处理的土壤动物密度均显著高于CT,分别是CT的2.1倍与2.3倍。各处理的土壤动物密度均表现出春低秋高的特点。SS处理的大型土壤动物群落组成与CT差异明显,特别是在夏、秋季节,但与NT处理差异不明显。相较于CT,SS处理显著增加了夏、秋季线蚓科的密度。综上,秸秆留高茬免耕有助于增加农田大型土壤动物的密度。In order to clarify the effect of no tillage with high stubble on soil macrofauna community,soil macrofauna community under the treatments of conventional tillage(CT),no tillage(NT) and no tillage with high stubble(SS) was investigated in the research and development base of conservation tillage in Lishu County,Jilin Province,in spring,summer and autumn.Soil macrofauna were obtained belonging to 2 phyla 4 classes 14 orders.In each treatment,Enchytraeidae was the dominant group,while Coleoptera,Geophilomorpha,Diptera larvae and Formicidae were common.In spring,the density of soil macrofauna under NT treatment was significantly(P<0.05) higher than that under CT by 2.8-fold.In summer,the density of soil macrofauna under SS treatment was significantly higher than that under CT by 1.8-fold.In antumn,the density of soil macrofauna under NT and SS was significantly higher than that under CT by 1.1-fold and 1.3-fold,respectively.The density of soil macrofauna was low in spring and high in autumn.The community composition of soil macrofauna under SS treatment varied from that under CT treatment,especially in summer and autumn,but the difference between SS and NT was not significant.The density of Enchytraeidae was significantly increased under SS treatment in summer and autumn compared with that under CT.In general,no tillage with high stubble was beneficial to increase the density of soil macrofauna.

关 键 词：大型土壤动物 留高茬免耕 群落结构 黑土 

分 类 号：S154.5[农业科学—土壤学]