黑山铁矿井下采场切割与回采过渡期损失贫化控制方法  

A DILUTION CONTROL METHOD OF HEISHAN IRON ORE UNDERGROUND STOPE CUTTING AND MINING TRANSITION PERIOD LOSS

作　　者：范利超 Fan Lichao(Chengde Heishan Iron Mine,HBIS Group Mining Company,Chengde 067000,Hebei)

机构地区：[1]河钢集团矿业公司承德黑山铁矿,河北承德067000

出　　处：《河北冶金》2024年第1期64-68,共5页Hebei Metallurgy

摘　　要：针对黑山铁矿无底柱分段崩落法开采切割与回采过度期矿石损失贫化大的问题,分析了该时期盲区块产生及矿石损失贫化大的原因,认为下水平切割边壁对上水平布孔阻隔作用,生产中单方面考虑切割槽空间补偿作用而增大自由空间,忽略了切割边壁对上水平的后续影响,是造成扇形自由面失效形成盲区块的主要原因。由于大块主要聚集在放出体顶部,随着放矿的进行,大块提前到达眉线,不得不组织下一次爆破,导致二次矿量损失;同时,大块的存在导致其上部覆盖层小块废石沿着块体间空隙先到达出矿口,造成矿石贫化率较大。从消除盲区块与控制矿石损失贫化角度入手,根据上下水平切巷投影情况,明确了每种情况下的过渡关系,并根据上下两水平切割巷位置关系,提出了合理优化切割巷布孔参数及有效消除盲区块的矿石损失与贫化控制方法。通过现场实践,黑山铁矿井下采矿切割与回采过渡期矿石贫化率与损失率分别降低26.2%与29.3%,同时为类似条件矿山生产提供了借鉴。In order to solve the problem of large ore loss dilution in the mining cutting and mining transition period of the bottomless pillar segmented caving method in Heishan iron ore,the reasons for the occurrence of blind blocks and the large dilution of ore loss in this period are analyzed,and it is believed that the blocking effect of the lower horizontal cutting edge wall on the upper horizontal hole distribution,the unilateral consideration of the space compensation of the cutting groove in the production and the increase of the free space,ignoring the subsequent influence of the cutting edge wall on the upper level,are the main reasons for the failure of the fan-shaped free surface and the formation of blind blocks.Because the large blocks are mainly gathered at the top of the discharge body,with the progress of ore drawing,the large blocks reach the eyebrow line in advance,and the next blasting has to be organized,resulting in the loss of secondary ore volume;at the same time,the existence of large blocks leads to the small pieces of waste rock in the upper overburden layer along the gap between the blocks to reach the ore outlet first,resulting in a large ore dilution rate.Starting from the perspective of eliminating the blind block and controlling the dilution of ore loss,according to the projection of the upper and lower horizontal cutting lanes,the transition relationship in each case is clarified,and according to the position relationship between the upper and lower horizontal cutting lanes,a reasonable optimization of the hole distribution parameters of the cutting roadway and the control method of ore loss and dilution of the blind block are proposed.Through on-site practice,the ore dilution rate and loss rate of underground mining cutting and mining transition period in Heishan iron ore mine were reduced by 26.2%and 29.3%,respectively,which provided a reference for mine production under similar conditions.

关 键 词：无底柱分段崩落法 损失贫化 切割巷 盲区块 炮孔参数 

分 类 号：TD853.31[矿业工程—金属矿开采]