2014—2022年黄河流域甘肃段农村饮用水水质卫生状况分析  

Rural drinking water quality in Gansu section of Yellow River Basin,China,2014-2022

作　　者：魏巧珍 杨永宏 梁艳哲 孙建云[1] 樊玉芳[1] WEI Qiao-zhen;YANG Yong-hong;LIANG Yan-zhe;SUN Jian-yun;FAN Yu-fang(Institute of Public Health,Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心公共卫生所,兰州730000

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2024年第1期58-64,共7页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA655)。

摘　　要：目的通过对甘肃省境内黄河流域地区的农村饮用水水质卫生状况分析,识别影响黄河流域甘肃省段农村饮用水安全的主要因素。方法通过“全国饮用水水质卫生监测信息系统”收集2014—2022年甘肃省境内黄河干流及较大支流流经的58县(区)的农村饮用水水质监测数据,采用卡方检验和多因素Logistic回归分析影响黄河流域甘肃段农村饮用水水质的因素。结果2014—2022年共监测黄河流域甘肃段农村饮用水水样38076份,达标率为63.3%;影响达标率的主要指标为总大肠菌群,达标率为76.7%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,不同区域、水期、水源类型、供水类型及消毒与否均会影响农村饮用水水质达标率,其中与集中式供水、消毒、枯水期、地表水水样相比,分散式供水、不消毒、丰水期、地下水水样达标率较低,OR(95%CI)分别为1.794(1.601,2.011)、1.650(1.564,1.740)、1.317(1.262,1.374)和1.123(1.065,1.183);与黄土高原沟壑区相比,甘南高原草原区、黄土丘陵沟壑区水样达标率较高,OR(95%CI)分别为:0.795(0.756,0.835)、0.663(0.607,0.725)。结论黄河流域甘肃段农村饮用水水质有待改善,微生物污染是其主要卫生问题,供水类型及消毒与否作为影响水质状况的重要因素应引起重视,建议应因地制宜,多措并举保障农村饮水卫生安全。Objective To identify the main factors affecting the safety of rural drinking water in the section of Yellow River Basin in Gansu Province,China through analysis of rural drinking water quality.Methods The monitoring data of rural drinking water quali-ty in 58 counties(districts)along the mainstream and large tributaries of the Yellow River in Gansu Province from 2014 to 2022 were collected from the National Drinking Water Quality Monitoring System.Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were per-formed to analyze the factors affecting the rural drinking water quality in the section of Yellow River Basin in Gansu Province.Results From 2014 to 2022,a total of 38076 rural drinking water samples were monitored in the section of Yellow River Basin in Gansu Prov-ince,with a qualified rate was 63.3%.The main index that affected the qualified rate was total coliform,with a qualified rate was 76.7%.The result of multivariate logistic regression showed that different regions,water periods,water source types,water supply types,and disinfection would affect the qualified rate of rural drinking water.Compared with centralized water supply,disinfection,dry season,and surface water samples,the qualified rates of decentralized water supply,non-disinfection,wet season,and groundwater samples were lower,with odds ratios(ORs)(95%confidence intervals[CIs])of 1.794(1.601,2.011),1.650(1.564,1.740),1.317(1.262,1.374),and 1.123(1.065,1.183),respectively.Compared with the gully region of the Loess Plateau,the water samples in the grassland region of the Gannan Plateau and the hilly gully region of the Loess Plateau had higher qualified rates,with ORs(95%CIs)of 0.795(0.756,0.835)and 0.663(0.607,0.725),respectively.Conclusion The rural drinking water quality in the Gansu section of the Yellow River Basin needs to be improved,and microbial pollution is the primary concern.Attention should be paid towards types of water supply and disinfection,which were important factors affecting the water quality.It is suggested that va-riou

关 键 词：黄河流域 农村 饮用水 水质 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]